ITALIC 8.0

Xylopsora friesii (Ach.) Bendiksby & Timdal

Taxon, 62: 953, 2013. Basionym: Lecidea friesii Ach. in Liljeblad - Utkast Svensk Flora, 3: 610, 1816.

Synonyms: Hypocenomyce friesii (Ach.) P. James & Gotth. Schneid.; Psora friesii (Ach.) Hellb.; Psora ostreata var. athroocarpa Anzi

Distribution: N - TAA (Nascimbene 2005, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb. C - Tosc.

Description: Thallus squamulose, the squamules up to 1(-1.5) mm wide, adpressed or rarely ascending, concave to weakly convex, grey green to dark brown, usually shiny, crenulate or incised. Upper cortex of thin-walled hyphae, up to 50 µm thick, including the up to 30 µm thick epinecral layer; lower cortex absent. Apothecia lecideine, usually abundant, up to 1(-1.5) mm across, laminal, with a black, epruinose and sometimes gyrose disc and a prominent, more or less flexuose, persistent proper margin. Proper exciple of closely conglutinated hyphae, brownish black in outer part, dark brown within, N-; epithecium dark brown, N-; hymenium colourless 45-60 µm high; paraphyses long-celled, sparingly branched. Asci 8-spored, narrowly rhombic, with an apical amyloid cap and a small, amyloid tholus containing a non-amyloid central plug. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 4.5-8 x 2-4 µm. Pycnidia black, sessile, with a brown-black wall, N-. Conidia narrowly, hyaline, ellipsoid to shortly bacilliform, 2.5-5 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-; cortex UV-, medulla UV+ faintly white. Chemistry: friesiic acid in the medulla.

Note: a mainly boreal-montane lichen found on bark of conifers (especially Pinus) and on charred wood, with optimum in the upper montane and subalpine belts; perhaps more widespread in the Alps. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Critically Endangered” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).

Growth form: Squamulose

Substrata: lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: very rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (34264)
2003/03/12

Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 41576

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 41576

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 41576

Felix Schumm - CC BY-4.0

[VZR452], Bohemia australis, motes Šumava (Gabreta), distr. Volary, in valle fluvii Vltava loco Ovesná dicto, 730 m. Ad corticem arboris (Pinus silvestris). Leg. et det. Z. Palice (4215(, 8.4.2000. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 452.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-4.0

[VZR452], Bohemia australis, motes Šumava (Gabreta), distr. Volary, in valle fluvii Vltava loco Ovesná dicto, 730 m. Ad corticem arboris (Pinus silvestris). Leg. et det. Z. Palice (4215(, 8.4.2000. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 452.