Bacidina modesta (Zwackh ex Vain.) S. Ekman

Bacidina modesta (Zwackh ex Vain.) S. Ekman

in Ekman & al., Graphis Scripta: 39, 2019. Basionym: Biatora modesta Zwackh ex Vain. - Acta Soc. F. Fl. Fenn., 53, 1: 171, 1922

Synonyms: Bacidia sulphurella Samp.; Bacidina sulphurella (Samp.) M. Hauck & V. Wirth; Woessia fusarioides D. Hawksw.

Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 31400). S - Bas (CLU 12682), Cal (Brand & al. 2009).

Description: Thallus crustose, finely granular, entirely made of 20-40 µm wide, green goniocysts that may or may not form coralloid structures. Apothecia biatorine, 0.3-0.8(-1.2) mm across, with a white-grey to grey-brown disc, often with a slight violet hue, and a paler, raised, sometimes slightly white-pruinose proper margin which turns darker than the disc when wetted. Proper exciple without crystals, the colourless to pale brown in outer part, the external hyphae with ellipsoidal lumina, 3-7 x 1.5-5 μm; epithecium scarcely differentiated from the hymenium; hymenium colourless or pale brown in upper part; paraphyses 1-1.6 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells clavate to slightly swollen, up to 4 µm wide; hypothecium and adjacent exciple dark brown to red-brown K+ dark brown (Arnoldiana-brown pigment). Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass) never penetrating through the entire d-layer, the wall K/I-, but the thin outer gel K/I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-3(-7)-septate, hyaline, acicular, straight to curved, (19-)24-48 x 0.9-2 µm. Pycnidia white, nearly always present and usually abundant, 0.15-0.3 mm in diam., sometimes lobate and seemingly multilocular. Conidia thread-like, 0-3-septate, straight or curved, but always with at least one extremity strongly hooked and slightly enlarged at one end (resembling a walking stick), 27-45(-55) x 1-1.7 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances; Arnoldiana-brown pigment in apothecia.

Note: on bark, especially of Sambucus, sometimes invading corticolous mosses, more rarely on twigs, needles and living leaves in very humid sites, very rarely also on rock. Some records of epiphytic B. arnoldiana could refer to this species. For further details see Czarnota & Guzow-Krzeminska (2012) and Ekman (2023).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Mark Powell CC BY-SA-NC Source: http://fungi.myspecies.info/all-fungi/bacidia-sulphurella

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16540], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, an der Straße von Hornberg nach Schramberg, Abbiegung zum Käppelehof. 48,22853° N, 8,31805° E, 670 m, an Sorbus. Leg. et det. Schumm 07.07.2010.

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

As Bacidina sulphurella

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