Sanguineodiscus viridirufus (Ach.) I.V. Frolov & Vondrák

in Frolov & al., J. Syst. Evol. 59, 3: 471, 2020. Basionym: Lecidea viridirufa Ach. - Lich. Univ.: 204,1810.
Synonyms:
Distribution: N - Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020 as Caloplaca aractina).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, pale to dark grey, usually rimose-areolate, often delimited by an irregular, dark, somehow shiny prothallus. Apothecia zeorine/lecanorine, up to 1 mm across, initially immersed but soon sessile, with a brown-orange to brick red or finally blackish, flat, granular but epruinose disc, a persistent, dark grey, rather thick, sometimes verrucose cryptothalline margin, and often a thin, dark parathecial ring. Thalline exciple corticate in lower part, paraplectenchymatous; proper exciple well-developed, usually dark-pigmented in outer part, the pigmented parts K+ violet; epithecium orange-brown, K+ red; hymenium colourless; paraphyses mostly simple, with slightly swollen apical cells; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, 10-15 x 5-8 μm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”) 3-6 μm. Pycnidia black. Conidia bacilliform, 5-6 x c. 1 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ faintly violet in section, C-, KC-, P-; apothecial disc K+ red; proper exciple K+ violet. Chemistry: thallus and proper margin of apothecia with the Sedifolia-grey pigment; epithecium with unidentified anthraquinones.
Note: this species, which is morphologically hardly distinguishable from the coastal-maritime S. aractinus, has however a different ecology, as it occur on inland siliceous rocks, mostly in upland areas (see Vondrak & Vitikainen 2008).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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(info)

Solar irradiation:

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(info)

Aridity:

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(info)

Eutrophication:

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(info)

Poleotolerance:

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(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42100


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina


Felix Schumm - [BR5030035765693], Spain, Extremadura, 40 km ENE of Plosencia, sunny rock in stream, 950 m. Leg. P. v. d. Boom (8804),17.7.1989, det A. Aptroot 1990.
As C. aractina



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42100



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42100



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42100