ITALIC 8.0

Placidium norvegicum (Breuss) Breuss

Ann. naturhist. Mus. Wien, Ser. B, Bot. Zool,. 98 (Suppl.): 39, 1996.. Basionym: Catapyrenium norvegicum Breuss - in Breuss & Hansen, Pl. Syst. Evol., 159, 1-2: 100, 1988.

Synonyms:

Distribution:

Description: Thallus squamulose, medium to dark brown, matt or rarely slightly glossy in marginal parts. Squamules 3-6 mm wide, 0.35-0.55 mm thick, closely adpressed, contiguous but not overlapping, often forming rosettes. Lower surface black, attached by colourless (but brownish in the proximal zone), 6-8 μm thick rhizohyphae. Upper cortex 40-60 μm thick, paraplectenchymatous, with a thin epinecral layer; medulla thick, composed of up to 15 μm wide, globular cells; lower cortex clearly delimited, with roundish to polygonal, 11-15 μm wide cells, with brown pigment between cells. Perithecia black, broadly pyriform, up to 0.6 mm across, without involucrellum, immersed in the squamules. Exciple colourless to pale brown around the ostiole; paraphyses absent, periphyses 2-3 μm thick. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, thin-walled, non-amyloid and without an ocular chamber, 90-100 x 15-23 μm. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, uniseriately arranged in the asci, ellipsoid, (15-)17-22 (-24) x (7.5-)8-10.5(-11.5) μm. Pycnidia multilocular, Dermatocarpon-type, black, laminal, immersed. Conidia bacilliform, (5-)6-7(-8) x 1.5-2, most of them 3-5 times as long as wide. Photobiont chlorococcoid (Myrmecia). Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: an arctic-alpine species of more or less calciferous soil, known from several scattered stations in the Alps (outside Italy) and from the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula. To be looked for in the Italian Alps.

Growth form: Squamulose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Source: Breuss O. 1990. Die Flechtengattung Catapyrenium (Verrucariaceae) in Europa. Stapfia, 23: 1-153.