ITALIC 8.0

Toninia tristis subsp. scholanderi (Lynge) Timdal

Opera Botanica, 110: 115, 1991. Basionym: Lecidea scholanderi Lynge - Skr. Svalbard Ishavet, 81: 47, 1940

Synonyms:

Distribution:

Description: Thallus squamulose, chestnut brown to dark brown, glossy, not forming cushions, the squamules contiguous to scattered, up to 2(-3) mm wide, bullate to flattened, with punctiform impressions developing into pores; lower surface pale. Upper cortex 40-160 µm thick, including an up to 100 µm thick epinecral layer, without crystals; algal layer continuous; medulla white, without crystals. Apothecia lecideine, sessile, strongly constricted at base, up to 2 mm across, with a black, flat to convex, smooth disc, and a distinct, smooth proper margin concolorous with disc. Proper exciple medium to dark brown (sometimes with a green tinge) in the rim, usually paler brown within, K-, N- or N+ violet(green pigment), lacking crystals; epithecium brown, sometimes with a faint green tinge, K-, N+ violet; hymenium colourless, 60-70 µm high; paraphyses not coherent, anastomosing, distinctly thickened above; hypothecium brownish. Asci 8-spored, clavate, surrounded by a gelatinous I+ blue coat, with a well-developed I+ blue tholus with a I+ darker blue tube and a well-developed ocular chamber, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, 9-15.5 x 3.5-5 µm. Pycnidia dark, immersed. Conidia filiform. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus with terpenoids.

Note: on subneutral soil in seasonally dry, open situations near and above treeline. Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere, with a few records from the Eastern Alps (Austria). To be looked for in the Italian Alps.

Growth form: Squamulose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Curtis Randall Björk CC BY-SA 4.0

Lime Hill, Asotin County, Washington, USA
26.06.2013

Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0

Lime Hill, Asotin County, Washington, USA
26.06.2013