Verrucaria memnonia (Flot.) Arnold

Flora, Regensburg, 44: 535, 1861. Basionym: Verrucaria maura var. memnonia Flot. - in Körb., Syst. Lich. Germ.: 340, 1855
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Description: Thallus crustose, thinly episubstratic, dark brown to brown-black, granulose-areolate to continuous and film-like, consisting of small, poorly delimited, scattered to confluent flecks that become subgelatinous when wet. Cortex absent, the thallus appearing (sub-)paraplectenchymatous throughout, with a poorly organized algal layer inspersed with substrate particles. Perithecia brown-black, up to 300 per cm2, hemispherically projecting, the apical part up to 0.2 mm wide. Involucrellum adpressed to exciple or slightly diverging in lower part, reaching to base-level, c. 40 μm thick in upper part, c. 25 μm thick at base; exciple up to 0.15 mm wide, the wall colourless to thinly brownish in outer part, 15-20 μm thick; hamathecium of simple, 15-20 μm long periphyses and periphysoids, interascal filaments absent; hymenial gel hemiamyloid, I+ red (I+ blue at very low concentrations of I), K/I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, clavate, I-, fissitunicate, the wall thickened above, with an ocular chamber, dehiscent by extrusion of an endotunica to form a delicate rostrum, Verrucaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 13-16 x 5-7 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: mostly on hard siliceous rocks in the shade of montane coniferous forests; widespread in the European mountains, with a few scattered records from the Alps outside Italian territory; to be looked for in Italy.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

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Predictive model
Index Fungorum GBIF

Source: Servit, M 1949: Nove nebo mene zname druhy lisejnikove celedi Verrucariaceae. Species Verrucariacearum (Lichenes) novae vel minus cognitae. - Sbornik Narodniho Musea v Praze 5(9): 1-51. Tab.2 - Public Domain


Zschacke, H. (1934) Epigloeaceae, Verrucariaceae und Dermatocarpaceae. In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst‘s Kryptogamen-Flora, Band 9, Abt. 1, Teil 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 695 pp. - Public Domain