ITALIC 8.0

Fellhanera gyrophorica Sérus., Coppins, Diederich & Scheid.

Lichenologist, 33: 285, 2001

Synonyms:

Distribution:

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, pale yellowish green to green, sometimes with a slightly bluish tinge, farinose or scurfy-granular, made up of scattered to aggregated goniocysts, thin to thick and then appearing granular-warted, usually forming large patches, without a prothallus. Apothecia extremely rare, constricted at base, 0.3-0.7 mm across, with a flat to convex, dark brown, finally sometimes tuberculate disc, and a pinkish brown to dark brown, thin, finally often excluded proper margin. Proper exciple well-developed, paraplectenchymatous, colourless in outer part, dark orange-brown, in inner part, 35-50 μm wide; epithecium orange-brown, granular; hymenium colourless to orange-brown, 35-70 μm high; paraphyses slender, branched and anastomosing, c. 1 μm thick; hypothecium dark orange-brown, 50–70 μm high. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with a K/I+ blue apical dome containing a darker blue tubular ring-structure, and an amyloid coat. Ascospores 3-5-septate, hyaline, clavate (attenuated at one end), 17-25 x 2.5-3 μm. Pycnidia always present, sessile or with a c. 20-30 μm high stalk, sometimes clustered, pinkish to pale orange-brown, often slightly pruinose, 0.1-0.25 mm wide, up to 0.1-0.2 (-0.3) mm high, the ostiole widely gaping or filled with a mass of conidia. Conidiogenous cells elongate to slightly ampulliform. Conidia acrogenous, 1-celled, obpyriform to rarely ellipsoid, (2.5-)3-3.5(-4) x (0.7-)l-l.5 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid, the cells 6-10(-12) μm wide. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-; pycnidia C+ and KC+ red (reaction sometimes visible only in squash preparations). Chemistry: pycnidia with gyrophoric acid.

Note: on the acid bark of deciduous and coniferous trees or overgrowing bryophytes in lowland to lower montane, relatively undisturbed forests with a suboceanic climate. So far only known from Europe, with several records from Central and Western Europe, including the Northern Alps (Austria, Germany), probably overlooked or undercollected elsewhere, being almost always sterile. To be looked for in Italy.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by conidia and thalloconidia

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Jurga Motiejūnaitė - CC - BY 4.0

Lithuania

Jurga Motiejūnaitė - CC - BY 4.0

Lithuania

Jurga Motiejūnaitė - CC - BY 4.0

Lithuania

Jurga Motiejūnaitė - CC - BY 4.0

Lithuania