Lithothelium hyalosporum (Nyl.) Aptroot

Bibl. Lichenol., 44: 58, 1991. Basionym: Verrucaria hyalospora Nyl. - Expos. Synopt. Pyrenoc.: 48, 1858
Synonyms: Arthopyrenia hyalospora (Nyl.) Fink; Pyrenula hyalospora (Nyl.) Tuck.; Spermatodium hyalosporum (Nyl.) Trevis.
Distribution:
Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic, whitish to pale grey, smooth. Perithecia black to dark brown, matt, scattered, subglobose, at first completely immersed in the bark but soon projecting, 0.5-0.6 mm across. Ostiole mostly displaced to one side of the perithecium, forming a short projecting neck, rarely almost vertical and not projecting; involucrellum entire, dark brown, containing bark cells, c. 80 µm thick in upper part, 20-40 µm thick in lower part; exciple thin, ca. 10-20 µm, pale brown to almost colourless, usually free from the involucrellum except near the ostiole; hamathecium of persistent, slender, c. 1 µm thick, mostly simple, apparently not anastomosing paraphyses; hymenial gel K/I+ greenish-blue to orange-red, heavily inspersed with oil droplets. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical to obclavate, thickened at the tip, the inner wall indentation often cross-shaped in optical section, 65-90 x 20 µm, with more or less biseriate ascospores. Ascospores 3-septate, not constricted at septa, hyaline, oval, the lumina subspherical to almost cylindrical, 18-27(-30) x 7-10(-12) µm, without a gelatinous sheath. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a mainly western species with subtropical affinities, growing on the bark of broad-leaved trees in humid shaded situations, with a record from Switzerland. To be looked for in Italy.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

pH of the substrata:

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Predictive model


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL24832], Maledives, South Male Atoll, Velassaru, 1 m, 3°50’ N. 73°18’ E. Leg. A. & M. Aptroot (no 24832), 03.07.1989, det. A. Aptroot, 1989.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL24832], Maledives, South Male Atoll, Velassaru, 1 m, 3°50’ N. 73°18’ E. Leg. A. & M. Aptroot (no 24832), 03.07.1989, det. A. Aptroot, 1989.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Harris16308], U.S.A., Warren County, Black ash swamp, Pack Demonstration Forest, c. 5 miles NNBW of Warrensburg. On black ash. Leg. R. C. Harris (no 16308), 11.08.1982.