Dirina massiliensis f. sorediata (Müll. Arg.) Tehler

Opera Botanica, 70: 33, 1983 . Basionym: Dirina immersa var. sorediata Müll. Arg. - Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., 11: 466, 1882
Synonyms: Dirina stenhammarii (Fr.) Poelt & Follmann; Lecanactis stenhammari (Fr.) Arnold
Distribution: N - VG, Ven, TAA, Piem, Lig. C- Tosc, Umbr, Laz, Sar. S - Pugl, Cal, Si.
Description: Thallus crustose, sorediate, very variable depending on the type of substrate, thin to thick (1-3 mm), smooth to rimose-verrucose, whitish to grey, often delimited by a grey to black prothallus. Medulla thick, chalk-white, densely packed with calcium oxalate crystals. Soralia punctiform to maculiform, flat to convex, at first discrete and 0.3-0.4 mm across, finally often confluent, bearing greyish, granular soredia. Apothecia and pycnidia usually absent. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: cortex K-, C+ slowly and fleeting red, KC+ red, P -; medulla and soralia C-, KC-. Chemistry: lecanoric acid, erythrin.
Note: according to Tehler (2013), molecular data do not support a separation of sorediate, sterile forms from fertile D. massiliensis. However, while sorediate forms often do grow together with fertile forms along the coasts, they also occur in the Alps, very far from the coast and in quite different ecological situations and in the past were treated as D. stenhammari. The latter, in my opinion, still require further study. According to Tehler & al. (2013) the type of this taxon is a synonym of the Socotran species D. immersa Müll. Arg., and cannot be used for sorediate forms of D. massiliensis.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 26565



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 26565


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_D/Dirina_massiliensis_sor.htm
France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Blanzaguet


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_D/Dirina_massiliensis_sor.htm
France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Blanzaguet


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_D/Dirina_massiliensis_sor.htm
France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Blanzaguet


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_D/Dirina_massiliensis_sor.htm
France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Blanzaguet


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Kergoat


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Kergoat


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Kergoat


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Kergoat


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Landevennec


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Hernot, sur beton


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Hernot, sur beton


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Chapelle Saint Hernot


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Chapelle Saint Hernot


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Chapelle Saint Hernot


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Chapelle Saint Hernot


Michel David - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, Chapelle Saint Hernot


Alaion Gerault - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=229&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud sur ciment


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Narbonne Abbaye de Fontfroide


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Narbonne Abbaye de Fontfroide


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Narbonne Abbaye de Fontfroide


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Narbonne Abbaye de Fontfroide


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Merindol


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Merindol


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Merindol


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Provence, Esparron


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Provence, Esparron


Bernard Bouffinier - http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1065&lang=en
France, Provence, Esparron


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock)


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock)