Candelariella xanthostigmoides (Müll. Arg.) R.W. Rogers
Muelleria, 5, 1: 32, 1982. Basionym: Lecanora xanthostigmoides Müll. Arg. - Flora, 65: 484, 1882.
Synonyms:
Distribution:
Description: Thallus crustose, very thin and poorly evident, mostly endosubstratic, sometimes of minute, poorly evident 0.007-0.2 mm wide, yellow areoles; soredia yellow, powdery, 15-40(-50) µm wide, at first originating from the margins of the areoles, then forming discrete, punctiform soralia or later coalescing into a continuous sorediate crust. Apothecia extremely rare, lecanorine, up to 0.75 mm across, with a deep yellow, more or less flat disc and a thin, entire or sorediate margin. Exciple thin to thick, sometimes visible from the outside; epithecium yellow-brown, covered with an epipsamma of minute crystals; hymenium colourless, 55-60 µm high; paraphyses simple, cylindrical or with slightly swollen, up to 3 µm wide apical cells; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with an apical dome which is I+ blue only in the internal, lower part, interrupted in the centre by an I+ paler blue strip, Candelaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled to rarely 1-septate, hyaline, oblong to narrowly ellipsoid, 11-16(-17.5) x 3.5-6(-7) µm. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ weakly orange, C- or C+ weakly orange, KC-, P-. Chemistry: calycin, pulvinic acid, and pulvic acid dilactone.Note: a species described from Australia, but widesprerad also in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, with several records also from Europe. When sterile (as it is in most cases) it is indistinguishable from C. efflorescens. The species is likely to be present also in Italy (some records could be under those of C. efflorescens), but fertile material should be carefully looked for.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Predictive model
Photo by Gary Perlmutter – CC BY NC 3.0. Source: https://lichenportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4785004
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Herbarium: Lichens (NCU:Lichens) Catalog #: NCU-L-0006550 Leg. et Det. G. Perlmutter Number: 4073 Date: 2021-12-06 USA, North Carolina, Durham, Mud Creek Bottomlands
Latitude/Longitude: 35.966389 -78.983889 70 m Habitat: Floodplain and nonriverine wet hardwoods - Brownwater Substrate: fallen hardwood twig
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Predictive model
