Scutula tuberculosa (Th. Fr.) Rehm

in Saccardo & Saccardo, Syll. Fung. 18: 174, 1906.. Basionym: Biatorina tuberculosa Th. Fr. - Lich. Arctoi: 188, 1860.
Synonyms: Catillaria heeri var. tuberculosa (Th. Fr.) H. Olivier; Scutula krempelhuberi Körb.
Distribution: N - TAA (Brackel 2016), Ven (Brackel 2016), Piem (Brackel 2016).
Description: Thallus absent, not lichenized, developing inside the thalli of Solorina-species, causing a discolouration of the host thallus. Apothecia lecideine, white, cream-coloured to black, 0.2-0.8 mm across, with an initially flat, then convex disc and a persistent proper margin. Proper exciple of parallel, radiating, branched and anastomosing, strongly adglutinated hyphae, the outermost rim colourless or pale to dark reddish brown, in upper part patchily purplish brown to greenish black, the inner parts colourless, greenish to red-brown; epithecium discontinuous, with a granular, greenish brown to greenish black pigment sometimes extending into the hymenium; hymenium colourless, the hymenial gel hemiamyloid; paraphyses septate, very sparingly branched and anastomosing, the apical cells slightly thickened; hypothecium colourless to brown, of loosely intertwined hyphae. Asci 8-spored, with an amyloid tholus, a diffuse non-amyloid apical cushion, and an outer amyloid wall layer. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, ellipsoid or narrowly ellipsoid, 10-12(-14) x 4-6 µm, thin-walled, without a perispore. Pycnidia globose, subimmersed to sessile. Microconidia simple, hyaline bacilliform, 8-11 x c. 1 µm; macroconidia indistinctly 1-septate, hyaline, cylindrical to bacilliform, the base truncated, 11-15(-18) x 3-4 µm. Photobiont absent. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances; apothecia with different pigments.
Note: a non-lichenized, lichenicolous fungus growing on the thalli of species of Solorina. Probably much more widespread in Italy than the few records would suggest.
Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
paras Solorina

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
DOLICHENS

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Scutula_tuberculosa.htm
France, Thoiry - alt. 1660 m - Ain - (01) - sur thalle de Solorina saccata