ITALIC 8.0

Scutula heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) P. Karst.

Acta Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn., 2, 6: 151, 1885. Basionym: Lecidea heeri Hepp ex A. Massal. - Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna, Ser. 3, 7: 214, 1853.

Synonyms: Biatorina heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) Anzi; Catillaria heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) H. Olivier; Nesolechia heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) A. Massal.; Scutula miliaris subsp. heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) Sacc.

Distribution: N - TAA (Brackel 2016), Lomb (Brackel 2016).

Description: Thallus crustose, epikapylic, composed of small, ecorticate, homoiomerous, 60-120 µm tall areoles, growing on the thalli of Peltigera species with cyanobionts, severely damaging the host thalli. Apothecia lecideine, 0.2-0.4(-0.5) mm across, scattered to occasionally aggregated, with a flat to distinctly convex, pale to dark brown or finally black disc and a thin proper margin. Proper exciple 50-70 µm thick, of parallel, radiating, branched and anastomosing, strongly adglutinated hyphae; epithecium discontinuous, with a granular, dark red-brown layer; hymenium colourless, 45-60 µm high, the hymenial gel hemiamyloid; paraphyses septate, very sparingly branched and anastomosing 1.5-3 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells 3.5-6 µm wide (the lumina 2-4 µm); hypothecium colourless to pale brown, 70-140 µm high. Asci 8-spored, with an amyloid tholus, a diffuse non-amyloid apical cushion, and an outer amyloid wall layer. Ascospores (0-)1-septate, hyaline, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, (10-)11-13(-16) x (4-)4.5-5(-6) µm. Pycnidia globose, subimmersed to sessile. Microconidia thread-like, often slightly curved, (7-)10-12(-14) x (0.5-)0.9-1(-1.5) µm; macroconidia 0-1-septate, (9-)12-16(-18) x (2-)2.6-3.5(-5) µm. Photobiont probably absent, but the thallus is often associated with green, perhaps micareoid algae. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances; apothecia with different pigments

Note: a doubtfully lichenized, lichenicolous fungus growing on the thalli of Peltigera-species with cyanobionts. Probably more widespread in Italy.

Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare

Subalpine belt: rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rather rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: very rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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5

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model

DOLICHENS