Buellia dispersa (A. Massal.) A. Massal.

Sched. Crit., 8: 150, 1856. Basionym: Catolechia maritima var. dispersa A. Massal. - Symmicta Lich.: 52, 1855.
Synonyms: Buellia dispersa var. cinerascens Bagl.; Buellia duartei Samp.; Buellia italica var. tumida A. Massal.; Buellia squamulata (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Buellia subsquamosa sensu Buschardt non J. Steiner; Buellia tergestina J. Steiner & Zahlbr.; Buellia tumida (A. Massal.) Bagl.; Lecidea squamulata Nyl.
Distribution: N - VG (Bungartz & al. 2002), Ven, TAA, Lomb, Piem (TSB 34632), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Matteucci & al. 2015c), Lig (Lazzarin 2000b, Bungartz & al. 2002, Watson 2014, Giordani & al. 2016). C - Tosc, Sar (Scheidegger 1993). S - Camp (Ricciardi & al. 2000), Si (Grillo & Caniglia 2004).
Description: Thallus crustose, very variable, of dispersed to contiguous areoles, often becoming subsquamulose and sometimes sublobate at margins, thick, ivory, beige to deep brown or grey, smooth to deeply fissured, with fine or coarse pruina, rarely epruinose, phenocorticate. Medulla white, non-amyloid. Apothecia lecideine; (0.3-)0.4-0.7(-0.8) mm across, sessile, with a black, flat to strongly convex disc and a persistent, rarely excluded proper margin. Proper exciple well developed, brown throughout, N-, up to 80 μm thick, Dispersa-type, of radially arranged hyphae, the inner part of long-celled, parallel, strongly agglutinated and thick-walled hyphae, the outer part of short-celled, isodiametric hyphae without intercellular spaces; epithecium brown, N-; hymenium colourless, not inspersed with oil droplets; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched, apically swollen, with a brown pigment cap. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass), the wall I-, but the thin outer gel I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, usually not constricted at septum, brown, narrowly-oblong to ellipsoid with obtuse ends, not curved, (9-)12-16(-19) x (4-)7-9 µm, Physconia-type, the wall microrugulate. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Pycnidia rare, urceolate to globose, unilocular. Conidia bacilliform, 5-6 x 1-1.5 µm. Spot tests: thallus K+ yellow, C-, KC-. P+ yellow. Chemistry: atranorin, 2-O-methylperlatolic and sometimes confluentic acid.
Note: a xeric subtropical to mild-temperate lichen of base-rich or slightly lime-containing siliceous rocks in warm-dry situations, present both in the Mediterranean area and in dry Alpine valleys. For further details see Bungartz & al. (2002).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare

pH of the substrata:

12345

(info)

Solar irradiation:

12345

(info)

Aridity:

12345

(info)

Eutrophication:

12345

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0123

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

123456

(info)


Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34632)
2002/01/22


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme


JAson Hollinger - Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 2.0


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Buellia_dispersa.htm
France, nov. 2015 - Massif central - Puy-de-Dôme