Pisutiella conversa (Kremp.) S.Y. Kondr., Lőkös & Farkas

in Kondratyuk & al., Acta Bot. Hung., 62, 1-2: 122, 2020. Basionym: Callopisma conversum Kremp. - Denkschr. kgl. bayer. bot. Ges., 4: 162, 1861.
Synonyms: Callopisma fallax Bagl.; Caloplaca conversa (Kremp.) Jatta; Caloplaca conversa var. fallax (Bagl.) Wunder; Caloplaca fallax (Bagl.) Jatta; Caloplaca oreadum (Stizenb.) Jatta; Placodium conversum (Kremp.) Anzi
Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 2795), TAA, Lomb, Piem, VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Isocrono & al. 2008, Favero-Longo & Piervittori 2009, Matteucci & al. 2015c), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig. C - Sar (Rizzi & al. 2011, Giordani & al. 2013). S - Cal (Herb. Vondrák 10812), Si.
Description: Thallus crustose, mostly thinly episubstratic, continuous to usually rimose-areolate, pale to dark grey or grey-brown, sometimes almost black in sun-forms, usually without a distinct prothallus. Apothecia immersed to adnate, 0.2-0.6(-0.8) mm across, with an olive-yellow, dirty yellow-orange to dark brown, sometimes finally black, flat, epruinose disc, and a persistent, dark grey to black margin. Thalline exciple filled by algae at least at the base, ecorticate throughout; proper exciple grey-brown in outer part, paraplectenchymatous, K+ faintly violet, N+ red; epithecium brownish orange or grey, the epipsamma K+ red (K- in specimens without anthraquinones), the upper part of paraphyses K+ violet, C+ violet or K-, C-; hymenium colourless, 60-90 µm high; paraphyses slightly branched in upper part, the apical cells slightly swollen; hypothecium colourless to brownish. Asci 8-spored, clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid, 7-12 x 4-7 µm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”) (2-)3-5 µm. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ violet, C- or C+ violet, KC-, P-; apothecial margin and epithecium K+ violet, C+ violet or K-, C-; epipsamma K+ purple or K- in specimens without anthraquinones. Chemistry: apothecia and sometimes thallus with the Sedifolia-grey pigment (blackened parts); apothecia with or without anthraquinones.
Note: a mild-temperate to subtropical-montane lichen found on calciferous or basic siliceous rocks (especially basalt) in sunny sites with short periods of water seepage, often on colonies of cyanobacteria. According to Vondrák (in litt.) the species, which is related to Caloplaca conglomerata, is heterogeneous, and more species are involved, some of them fully lacking anthraquinones. An earlier record from Venezia Giulia (Nimis 1993: 162) has been excluded, being far from the Italian border.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
On otherwise dry surfaces with short periods of water seepage after rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

12345

Solar irradiation:

12345

Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

0123

Altitudinal distribution:

123456


Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040900638], Hong Kong Island, Pok Fu Lam, near cementary, 1 m, in coastal area on siliceaous rock. Leg. A. Aptroot (43006), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[BR5030040901642], Hong Kong Island, Shek O Beach, 1-50 m, in coastal area on exposed granite. Leg. A. Aptroot (43206), June 1998, det. A. Aptroot 1998.


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Physconia_venusta.htm
France


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Physconia_venusta.htm
France


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Physconia_venusta.htm
France


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Physconia_venusta.htm
France


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Physconia_venusta.htm
France