Protocandelariella subdeflexa (Nyl.) Poelt ex D. Liu, Hur & S.Y. Kondr.
in Kondratyuk & al., Acta Bot. Hung., 62, 3-4: 305, 2020 . Basionym: Lecanora subdeflexa Nyl. - Flora, 62: 355, 1879.
Synonyms: Candelariella subdeflexa (Nyl.) Lettau
Distribution: N - VG, TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b), Lomb, Piem (TSB 33596), VA (Matteucci & al. 2008, Isocrono & al. 2008), Emil (Gasparo & Tretiach 1996, Fariselli & al. 2020). C - Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Frati & al. 2004, Frati & Brunialti 2006), Umb (Ravera 2000, Ravera & al. 2006), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Corona & al. 2016), Mol (Caporale & al. 2008, Caporale & Ravera 2020). S - Camp (Ravera & al. 2019a), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Si (TSB 12289).
Description: Thallus crustose or more often minutely squamulose, sometimes granular or minutely papillate, dull olive-green to greenish grey, forming up to 3 cm wide patches; lower side of squamules with abundant conidiogenous cells releasing globose conidia. Epinecral layer 2-17 µm thick, colourless, consisting of dead, compressed hyphae; cortex pseudoparenchymatous, 1-23 µm thick, of gelatinized hyphae with more or less isodiametrical 4-9 µm wide cells. Apothecia usually abundant, biatorine, (0.1-)0.3-0.6 mm across, but often forming larger aggregates, with a yellow, at first flat but soon convex, sometimes thinly pruinose disc, and a very thin, usually not visible proper margin. Proper exciple of branched and anastomosing hyphae radiating towards the margin, with more or less rectangular cells; epithecium yellow, densely granular, 8.5-15 μm high, the granules dissolving in K; hymenium colourless to very pale straw-yellow in K, inspersed with oil droplets, (45-)50-70(-85) μm high; paraphyses simple, septate, 1.5-2.5 μm thick, the apical cells not markedly swollen; hypothecium colourless, 130-150 μm high, usually with oil droplets. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with an apical dome which is I+ blue only in the internal, lower part, interrupted in the centre by an I+ paler blue strip, Candelaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid to ovoid, (7.5-)12-18(-21) x (3.5-)4-6 µm. Conidia produced from cylindrical to flask-shaped conidiogenous cells on the lower side of the squamules, subglobose, 4-6 µm wide. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-; apothecia K- or K+ weakly orange. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances; apothecia with calycin, pulvic acid lactone, vulpinic and pulvinic acids. Note: a mild-temperate, perhaps holarctic lichen found on isolated trees with base-rich bark, especially Fraxinus, Populus and Juglans, often near the base of the trunks, probably declining. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Near-threatened” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 30247
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 30247
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19407b], USA, South Dakota, Grant Co., Blue Cloud Benedictine Abbey ca. 1.6 km E of Marvin, open pastureland with wooded gulches, 45°15'05'' N, 95°53'28'' W, 467 m, on deciduous trees. Leg. M.K. Advaita (No. 4915), 18. May 2005. Distributed together with Caloplaca ulcerosa by C. WETMORE: TELOSCHISTACEAE EXS. 95
