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Catillaria picila (A. Massal.) Coppins

Lichenologist, 21: 223, 1989. Basionym: Biatora picila A. Massal. - Miscell. Lichenol.: 38, 1856.

Synonyms: Biatorina picila (A. Massal.) Zahlbr.; Catillaria anomaloides auct. non (A. Massal.) Lettau; Lecidea anomaliza Nyl.; Lecidea picila (A. Massal.) Nyl.

Distribution: N - Ven (Watson 2014), TAA, Lomb, Piem (TSB 33411), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020). C - Tosc, Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Caporale & al. 2008). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 2010), Pugl.

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, continuous or finely granulose and composed of small goniocysts, yellowish white to greenish, sometimes poorly evident. Apothecia lecideine, 0.3-0.8 mm across, brown-black to black when dry, brown to red-brown and with a darker margin when wet, at first semi-immersed, then sessile and constricted at base, with a flat to more or less convex disc, and a blackish, initially raised, finally often excluded proper margin. Proper exciple dark violet-brown, K+ purple-violet, paler or colourless in outer part, of anticlinally arranged, large, thick-walled cells; epithecium colourless to pale brown, without crystals; hymenium colourless, 50-70 µm high; paraphyses simple or sparingly and shortly branched in upper part, coherent, 1.5-2(-2.5) µm thick, the apical cells not markedly swollen; hypothecium dark violet-brown, K+ purple-violet. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, surrounded by a gelatinous I+ blue coat, with a well-developed I+ blue tholus, a I+ darker blue tube and a well-developed ocular chamber, approaching the Bacidia-type. Ascospores 0-1-septate, hyaline, oblong-ellipsoid, (8-)9-17(-20) x 3-4.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid, with slightly elongated cells. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV- Chemistry: unknown, but probably thallus without lichen substances.

Note: a mild-temperate species found on steeply inclined to rain-sheltered surfaces of compact calcareous rocks, especially limestone but also calciferous schists, often together with C. minuta.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: extremely rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: very rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

S. Poumarat - Source: http://mycologie.catalogne.free.fr/lichens.htm

André Aptroot CC BY-SA-NC. Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/1857.html