Cladonia cariosa (Ach.) Spreng.

Syst. Veget., 4, 1: 272, 1827. Basionym: Lichen cariosus Ach. - Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr.: 198, 1799.
Synonyms: Cladonia locarnensis Frey nom. illegit.; Cladonia stabilis Britzelm.
Distribution: N - Ven, TAA (Nascimbene 2001b, Bilovitz & al. 2014, 2014b, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996, Ravera & al. 2016, Gheza 2018, Gheza & al. 2022), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Ravera & al. 2016, Gheza 2020), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Gheza & al. 2020). C - Tosc (Fanfarillo & al. 2024), Umb (Ravera & al. 2006, 2006b, Brackel 2025), Laz (Burgaz & al. 2020), Abr (Gheza & al. 2021, Di Nuzzo & al. 2021, Vallese & al. 2022). S - Cal (Puntillo 1996, Burgaz & al. 2020), Si (Burgaz & al. 2019, 2020).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, persistent, forming cushions, the squamules small to middle-sized, 1-7(-10) mm long, 1-2(-3) mm broad, entire to incised, concave to reflexed-convex, greenish white to olive-green above, white and fibrillose beneath. Podetia rather rare, 0.5-2(-3) cm tall, up to 3 mm thick (often more below the apothecia), cupless, simple or sparingly branched in upper part, often terminated by large apothecia, partly decorticate-granulose, sometimes sparsely squamulose in lower part, longitudinally fissured, very thick-walled, with medullary hyphae running parallel to the surface. Apothecia frequent, terminal, dark brown, convex, usually clustered into corymb-like clusters. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia dark, ovoid to conical, semi-immersed in the primary squamules. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests and chemistry: different chemotypes (all of them K+ yellow, C-, KC-, UV-): 1) P- (atranorin only, the most frequent chemotype), 2) P+ yellow (atranorin, norstictic and connorstictic acids), 3: P+ red (atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid), 4) P– (atranorin and rangiformic acid), 5) P+ red (atranorin, fumarprotocetraric and rangiformic acids).
Note: a cool-temperate to subarctic-subalpine, circumpolar lichen found on disturbed mineral, often sandy soil; most frequent in the Alps. An earlier record from Venezia Giulia (Nimis 1993: 225) is excluded here as it was from Slovenian territory.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe: Germany (Hesse).



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (234)
2003/02/15



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (234)
2003/02/15
detail of cortex



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (122)
2003/02/15


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/03/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/03/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/02/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/02/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/02/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Varese, Vizzola Ticino, valle del Ticino, 162 m
17/02/2021


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe: Germany (Hesse).


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Grafenwöhr


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Grafenwöhr


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Nürnberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Pycnidium - Germany, Bavaria, Grafenwöhr



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1208], Suecia. Västmanland. Sala. Sala gruva (ambitus metallorum) Herr Stens botten. Supra terram saxum tenuiter obtectam in fodina vetusta. Leg. R. Santesson (no. 24324), 13.6.1973. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1208.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1208], Suecia. Västmanland. Sala. Sala gruva (ambitus metallorum) Herr Stens botten. Supra terram saxum tenuiter obtectam in fodina vetusta. Leg. R. Santesson (no. 24324), 13.6.1973. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1208.


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu