Cladonia cornuta (L.) Hoffm.

Descr. Adumbr. Pl. Crypt. Lich.: tab. 25, 1791. Basionym: Lichen cornutus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1152, 1753.
Synonyms:
Distribution: N - Frl (Burgaz & al. 2020), Ven, TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999), Emil, Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999, Burgaz & al. 2020).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, the squamules usually ephemeral, 3-4(-8) mm long, 1-4 mm broad, crenate to irregularly lobed, ascending, glaucescent to olive-green above, whitish below. Podetia bacilliform, hollow inside, 4-10(-17) cm tall, up to 2(-3) mm thick, mostly unbranched and with pointed apices, rarely with a few branches or with small terminal cups, greenish brown to dark brown, melanotic at base, corticate for at least half of their length (the cortex smooth, finely areolate), patchily farinose-sorediate in upper part, esquamulose. Apothecia rare, brown, convex, terminal. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia rare, dark, semi-immersed, usually along the margins of cups, with a colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K- or K+ yellowish slowly turning brown, C-, KC-, P+ red, UV-. Chemistry: fumarprotocetraric acid complex.
Note: a boreal-montane to subarctic-subalpine, circumpolar species found on mineral and organic soil, but also on wood, with optimum near treeline in areas with siliceous substrata; probably restricted to the Alps in Italy.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: extremely rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Greenland, Suuluaqqap



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (12973)
2002/02/18


Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland, Dalarna.


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Büchelbach


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe: Germany.


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Greenland, Suuluaqqap


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Armesberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Armesberg


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Büchelbach-Bay



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[KU558], Chile. Magallanes: Around Lago Parrillar, Peninsula de Brunswick. Among mosses (Sphagnum) in Nothofagus pumilio forest, 300 m. Leg. H. Kashiwadani (no.18186), 12.12.1981, det. H. Kashiwadani. EX S. KUROKAWA AND H. KASHIWADANI LICHENES RARIORES ET CRITICI EXSICCATI NR. 558.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[KU558], Chile. Magallanes: Around Lago Parrillar, Peninsula de Brunswick. Among mosses (Sphagnum) in Nothofagus pumilio forest, 300 m. Leg. H. Kashiwadani (no.18186), 12.12.1981, det. H. Kashiwadani. EX S. KUROKAWA AND H. KASHIWADANI LICHENES RARIORES ET CRITICI EXSICCATI NR. 558.


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu