Verrucaria elaeina Borrer

Verrucaria elaeina Borrer

in Hooker, Engl. Bot., suppl. 1, tab. 2623, fig. 2, 1830.

Synonyms:

Distribution: N - Lomb (Jatta 1909-1911).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, non-gelatinous when wet, pale grey-green to pale brownish green, 25-90(-105) μm thick, continuous to usually rimose, often delimited by a white to dark prothallus. Cortex poorly developed, without an epinecral layer; medulla thin, rather indistinct (thallus mostly paraplectenchymatous throughout). Perithecia black, 1/4-3/4-immersed, forming indistinct to conical-hemispherical, 0.22-0.4 mm wide projections, covered by a thalline layer at least in lower half, the apex sometimes somewhat flattened, often appearing as a white-spotted black ring. Involucrellum well-developed, conical-hemispherical, usually more or less flat-topped, 0.35-0.5(-0.7) mm across, dark reddish brown throughout or pale in lower part often diverging from exciple at base; exciple subglobose to slightly pear-shaped, 0.15-0.3 mm across, the wall usually colourless except around the grey ostiolar region; hamathecium of periphyses and periphysoids, interascal filaments absent; hymenial gel hemiamyloid, I+ red (I+ blue at very low concentrations of I), K/I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, clavate, I-, fissitunicate, the wall thickened above, with an ocular chamber, dehiscent by extrusion of an endotunica to form a delicate rostrum, Verrucaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, (15-)16.5-22.5(-24) x (6-)7-9.5 μm, without a distinct perispore. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a long-forgotten species that seems to be quite common in the British Isles (see Orange 2002, 2013). It grows on shaded limestone, concrete, siliceous rocks and brick, in woodlands or beneath herbaceous vegetation, in natural habitats or on wasteground, in gardens or on damp walls, being characteristic of weakly calciferous rocks in shade. Perhaps more widespread in Italy. For further details see Orange (2000, 2013b).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Mark Powell CC BY-SA-NC Source: http://fungi.myspecies.info/sites/fungi.myspecies.info/files/Verrucar%20elaeina%202.jpg

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landaoude, mur humide

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landaoude, mur humide

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landaoude, mur humide

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landaoude, mur humide

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landaoude, mur humide

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landevennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

France, Landevennec

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Mark Powell CC BY-SA-NC Source: http://fungi.myspecies.info/sites/fungi.myspecies.info/files/Verrucar%20elaeina%202.jpg

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1084&lang=en

Belgium, Hermeton

real
time web analytics