Verrucaria hydrela Ach.

Verrucaria hydrela Ach.

Syn. Meth. Lich.: 94, 1814.

Synonyms: incl. Verrucaria hydrophila Orange; Lithocia hydrela (Ach.) A. Massal.; Verrucaria denudata Zschacke nom. illegit.

Distribution: N - Ven (Nascimbene & Nimis 2007, Nascimbene 2008), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig. C - Tosc (Tretiach & al. 2008), Laz. S - Camp, Pugl, Bas (Puntillo & al. 2012), Cal (Puntillo 1996).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, 25-60 μm thick, often subgelatinous when wet, smooth, continuous or sparsely cracked, greenish grey to greenish black or brown, more or less translucent when wet, never separated by black lines from adjacent conspecific thalli. Cortex poorly developed, sometimes with a brown pigment, otherwise colourless; medulla without a black basal layer. Perithecia almost completely covered with a thalline layer, forming conical-hemispherical, 0.24-0.4 mm wide projections, the ostiolar area flat or convex, appearing as a pale to dark, 0.15-0.5 mm wide dot. Involucrellum reaching to base-level, dark brown to dark reddish brown and K+ darker brown to grey-brown in upper part, often almost colourless near the base, spreading laterally into the thallus, the space between it and exciple colourless; exciple 0.18-0.3 mm across, the wall colourless except at apex; hamathecium of periphyses and periphysoids, interascal filaments absent; hymenial gel hemiamyloid, I+ red (I+ blue at very low concentrations of I), K/I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, clavate, I-, fissitunicate, the wall thickened above, with an ocular chamber, dehiscent by extrusion of an endotunica to form a delicate rostrum, Verrucaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid (15-)18-23(-26) x (6.5-)8–9.5(-11) μm, without a gelatinous perispore. Photobiont chlorococcoid, the cells coherent, irregularly arranged, at most with a very weak vertical arrangement. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: on siliceous pebbles in humid-shaded situations (e.g. in open woodlands), sometimes on boulders in creeks, but never submerged for long periods, usually in upland areas but rarely reaching above treeline. Several records, especially those from Southern Italy, need confirmation. For nomenclatural matters, I partly follow Roux & al. (2014: 1246), and partly the suggestion by Thüs (in litt.) to use the name V. hydrophila Orange only for sequenced material with an ITS sequence that fits the one published for the type material. The whole complex is presently under revision by Thüs and Nascimbene.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Periodically submerged (e.g. in creeks)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: rather common

Oromediterranean belt: rare

Montane belt: rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0 [16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m.
Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (27242)
2003/03/17

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Zschacke, H. (1934) Epigloeaceae, Verrucariaceae und Dermatocarpaceae. In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst‘s Kryptogamen-Flora, Band 9, Abt. 1, Teil 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 695 pp. - Public Domain

Zschacke, H. (1934) Epigloeaceae, Verrucariaceae und Dermatocarpaceae. In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst‘s Kryptogamen-Flora, Band 9, Abt. 1, Teil 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 695 pp. - Public Domain

Zschacke, H. (1934) Epigloeaceae, Verrucariaceae und Dermatocarpaceae. In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst‘s Kryptogamen-Flora, Band 9, Abt. 1, Teil 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 695 pp. - Public Domain

G. Gibelli, in S. Garovaglio, 1865 Tentamen Dispositionis Methodicae Lichenum In Longobardia Nascentium. Mediolanum

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16532], Germany, Rheinland-Pfalz, Kreis Ahrweiler, amphibisch an Silikatgestein in einem Bach nahe Schuld, ca. 250 m. Leg. Düll & Schumm 16.07.2010, det. Schumm 2010

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=687&lang=en

France, Ardennes

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