Lempholemma botryosum (A. Massal.) Zahlbr.

Cat. Lich. Univ., 3: 20, 1924. Basionym: Arnoldia botryosa A. Massal. - Miscell. Lichenol.: 20, 1856.
Synonyms: Omphalaria botryosa (A. Massal.) Nyl.; Physma botryosum (A. Massal.) Zahlbr.; Plectopsora botryosa (A. Massal.) A. Massal.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Molaro 2007), TAA, Lomb. C - Abr, Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b), Pugl.
Description: Thallus minutely subsquamulose to subcrustose, homoiomerous, gelatinous when wet, dark olivaceous brown to black, of isolated or aggregated, button-like areoles/squamules densely covered in small, entangled cylindrical lobules, often forming 1-2(-3) mm wide, umbilicate, sometimes marginally lobulate, convex cushions. Lobules up to 0.4 mm long, 0.15-0.2 mm wide, minutely longitudinally striate, with globose hormocystangia at the slightly swollen tips. Apothecia very rare, laminal, globose in section, half-immersed, hemiangiocarpic, with a pore-like disc and a thick proper margin. Proper exciple of parallel hyphae; epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless, the hymenial gel I+ reddish brown, K/I+ blue; paraphyses coherent, mostly simple, the apical cells not thickened. Asci 8-spored, prototunicate, cylindrical, without a distinct apical apparatus. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 7-9 x 5-7 μm. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, the individual cells 4-5 µm wide, arranged in short chains). Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: on steeply inclined surfaces of hard calciferous rocks with some water seepage after rain, often in sites with cyanobacterial colonies.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
On otherwise dry surfaces with short periods of water seepage after rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 26671



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 26671



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (26671)
2001/11/26



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 26671



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Finland
H 9215938



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Finland
H 9215938