Cladonia macrophylla (Schaer.) Stenh.

Lich. Suec. Exs., ed. 2, Fasc. 7: 3, 1865. Basionym: Cladonia ventricosa var. macrophylla Schaer. - Lich. Helv. Spicil., 1(6): 316, 1833.
Synonyms: Cladonia alpicola (Flot.) Vain.
Distribution: N - TAA (Watson 2014, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, usually persistent and forming large colonies, the squamules 3-6(-10) mm long, 2-6 mm wide, round or weakly elongate, lobate to incised, glaucescent to rarely olive-green and often verruculose or checkered above, white beneath, sometimes darkening towards the attachment point. Podetia rather rare, cupless, hollow inside, elongate, 1-3(-5) cm tall, 0.8-1(-5) mm thick, simple or sparingly branched, with blunt apices, glaucous grey to brownish grey, paler or yellowish towards the base, fissured, with numerous, up to 1 mm (usually less) wide, peltate squamules. Apothecia brown, convex, terminal on podetia, to 5 mm across. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia dark, semi-immersed on the tips of podetia and on the squamules, constricted at base, with a colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P+ yellow, UV-. Chemistry: psoromic, rangiformic and norrangiformic acids, plus minor unknown compounds.
Note: a northern-alpine species found on organic soil and weathered siliceous rocks near or above treeline. Earlier records from Tuscany are wrong (Ravera & al. 2020b), and most Italian records, including the recent one from Basilicata by Potenza (2006), need confirmation.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland.



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9155)
2002/12/18
tip of podetium



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9155)
2002/12/18
detail of cortex


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC



Curtis Randall Björk, - CC BY-SA 4.0
Boundary Ranges, British Columbia, Canada
17.08.2018



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9155)
2002/12/18
primary squamules


Mark Rahill - CC BY-SA 4.0


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland.


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/