ITALIC 8.0

Cladonia norvegica Tønsberg & Holien

Nord. J. Bot., 4: 79, 1984.

Synonyms:

Distribution: N - Frl, Ven. S - Cal (Puntillo 1996).

Description: Primary thallus squamulose, the squamules usually persisting, small, 2-4 mm wide, incised or narrowly lobed, green above, white beneath, often with bright red spots caused by mite infections, sometimes sorediate along margins and on the lower side. Podetia bacilliform, slender, hollow inside, 1.5-2(-3) cm tall, usually cupless and pointed, rarely with very narrow cups in fertile specimens, pale green, grey-green or whitish, sometimes with red spots at base, the surface partly corticate and occasionally squamulose in basal parts, otherwise farinose-sorediate, the soredia 20-50 μm in diam. Apothecia rather rare, ochraceous or pinkish brown, subspherical, terminal. Pycnidia developing at tips of podetia, with a colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV- or UV+ pale white. Chemistry: barbatic and 4-O-demethylbarbatic acids; rhodocladonic acid in the red spots on primary squamules and podetia (not in the apothecia!).

Note: a cool-temperate to boreal-montane lichen found on decaying trunks and stumps in moist-shaded habitats such as ancient, undisturbed woodlands and, when epiphytic, on basal parts of conifers; probably more widespread in the Alps, but very rare in Southern Italy. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Endangered” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).

Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: bark and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: extremely rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Grafenwöhr

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (9170)
2001/12/04

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (9170)
2001/12/04
detail of primary squamule

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (9170)
2001/12/04

A. Saag; Owner: University of Tartu

Estonia, Järvamaa, Saarjõe Nature Reserve
03.04.2008

A. Saag; Owner: University of Tartu

Estonia, Järvamaa, Saarjõe Nature Reserve
03.04.2008

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 42112

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 42112

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 41506

Jurga Moteiunajte

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Bodenwöhr

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Bodenwöhr

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Waldhäuser