Cladonia pleurota (Flörke) Schaer.

Enum. Crit. Lich. Eur.: 186, 1850. Basionym: Capitularia pleurota Flörke - Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin Mag., 2: 217, 1808.
Synonyms: Cladonia coccifera var. pleurota (Flörke) Schaer.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000), Ven (Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000, 2003c, Nascimbene 2002, 2005c, 2008), TAA (Caniglia & al. 2002, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2002c, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2006e, 2008c, 2022, Nascimbene 2008b, Lang 2009, Bilovitz & al. 2014), Lomb (Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996, Gheza 2019, 2019b, Gheza & al. 2022, Ravera & al. 2023), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999), Emil (Dalle Vedove & al. 2002, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Gheza & al. 2020). S - Camp (Burgaz & al. 2020).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, persistent, the squamules variable, rounded to sparsely indented, 1-6 mm long, up to 4 mm broad, irregularly crenate, yellowish green to olivaceous green above, white beneath (sometimes yellowish near the attachment point). Podetia goblet-shaped, hollow inside, yellowish green, 0.5-2(-3) cm tall, with 0.5-1.5 cm broad, regular cups soon flaring into short, 0.5-1.5 mm thick stalks, the margins of cups sometimes dentate or proliferating, esquamulose or sometimes sparsely squamulose at base, corticate only at base (more corticate in fertile specimens), granulose- or almost farinose-sorediate, the soredia 60-100 μm in diam., present also inside and on margins of cups. Apothecia rather rare, scarlet red, often compound and shortly stipitate. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia scarlet red to black, stipitate or semi-immersed along the margin of cups (rarely on the primary squamules), with a red jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC+ yellow, P-, UV-. Chemistry: usnic, isousnic, porphyrilic acids, and zeorin (seen as crystals on the thallus surface in herbarium specimens); rhodocladonic acid in apothecia and pycnidia.
Note: an arctic-alpine to boreal-montane, circumpolar lichen found on soil, rotting wood, more rarely on basal parts of trunks in open habitats, with optimum near or above treeline.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: very common
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (21155)
2003/02/15
detail of pycnidia at the margin of cups



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (21155)
2003/02/15


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
15.08.2011


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/


Mark Rahill - CC BY-SA 4.0
USA


Mark Rahill - CC BY-SA 4.0
USA


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Brescia, Ponte di Legno, 1750 m
08/2020


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1178&lang=en
France, Nièvre


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland.