Cladonia verticillata (Hoffm.) Schaer.

Lich. Helv. Spicil., 1, 1: 31, 1823. Basionym: Cladonia pyxidata (unranked) verticillata Hoffm. - Deutschl. Fl., 2: 122, 1796.
Synonyms: Cladonia cervicornis subsp. verticillata (Hoffm.) Ahti; Cladonia cervicornis var. verticillata (Hoffm.) Flot.; Cladonia verticillata var. evoluta (Th. Fr.) Stein
Distribution: N - Ven, TAA, Lomb (Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996, Gheza 2018), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Gheza & al. 2020). C - Tosc, Umb (Ravera & al. 2006, 2006b), Laz (Gigante & Petriccione 1995), Sar (Nöske 2000, Neuwirth 2018). S - Camp, Pugl (Gianfreda & Matino 2020), Bas, Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Ottonello & Romano 1997, Caniglia & al. 2005, Ottonello & al. 2011).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, usually persistent and forming mats, the squamules very variable in size, 3-6 mm long, 2-5 mm wide, wedge-shaped or lobed, with indented margins, often ascending, upper surface grey-green to brownish in sun-forms, lower surface whitish, finely arachnoid. Podetia frequent, hollow inside, greenish grey to brown in sun-forms, 2-6(-8) cm tall, 0.5-3(-4) mm thick, flaring quickly into short, broad cups (up to 9 mm diam.), which tend to proliferate from the centre, often giving rise to up to 7 tiers of superimposed cups. Cortex more or less continuous to areolate, clearly maculate, the areoles smooth, subcontiguous. Apothecia infrequent, brown, convex, small. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia dark, common at margins of apical cups, subglobose to ovoid, sessile, with a colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K- or K+ yellowish slowly turning brown, C-, KC-, P+ red, UV-. Chemistry: fumarprotocetraric acid complex.
Note: a boreal-montane to subarctic-subalpine, circumpolar lichen found on acid soil in open habitats, most frequent in upland areas. Records from lowland areas of Central and Southern Italy should be checked against C. cervicornis.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: extremely rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Roscanvel



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (3328)
2001/12/04
detail of proliferating cup


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
originally as Cladonia verticillata



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[15800], Australia, Western Australia, 75 km south of Mt. Chudalup, wetland with Agonis junipera and Eucalyptus marginata, growing on sunny rocks, 34.73380° S, 116.08760° E, 75 m. Leg. F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 24.10.2009, det. T. Ahti 2011.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[15647], Australia, Western Australia, Perth Hills, east of Perth, 31.818° S, 116,456° E, 345 m, in dry Eucalyptus forest. Leg. F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 21.10.2009, det. Schumm, conf. Ahti 2011.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[15800], Australia, Western Australia, 75 km south of Mt. Chudalup, wetland with Agonis junipera and Eucalyptus marginata, growing on sunny rocks, 34.73380° S, 116.08760° E, 75 m. Leg. F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 24.10.2009, det. T. Ahti 2011.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[15800], Australia, Western Australia, 75 km south of Mt. Chudalup, wetland with Agonis junipera and Eucalyptus marginata, growing on sunny rocks, 34.73380° S, 116.08760° E, 75 m. Leg. F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 24.10.2009, det. T. Ahti 2011.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18963], Australia, New South Wales, Glenbog State Forest, ca. 7.6 km west of Bemboka on Snowy Mountains Highway, growing on soil in Eucalyptus woodland, 800 m. Leg. M.E. Hale (66366) 19.02.1984, det. T. Ahti



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18963], Australia, New South Wales, Glenbog State Forest, ca. 7.6 km west of Bemboka on Snowy Mountains Highway, growing on soil in Eucalyptus woodland, 800 m. Leg. M.E. Hale (66366) 19.02.1984, det. T. Ahti



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18963], Australia, New South Wales, Glenbog State Forest, ca. 7.6 km west of Bemboka on Snowy Mountains Highway, growing on soil in Eucalyptus woodland, 800 m. Leg. M.E. Hale (66366) 19.02.1984, det. T. Ahti



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[15647], Australia, Western Australia, Perth Hills, east of Perth, 31.818° S, 116,456° E, 345 m, in dry Eucalyptus forest. Leg. F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 21.10.2009, det. Schumm, conf. Ahti 2011.,
p: protocetraric acid, f: fumarprotocetraric acid



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18963], Australia, New South Wales, Glenbog State Forest, ca. 7.6 km west of Bemboka on Snowy Mountains Highway, growing on soil in Eucalyptus woodland, 800 m. Leg. M.E. Hale (66366) 19.02.1984, det. T. Ahti,
fpr: fumarprotocetraric acid, pr: protocetraric acid


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C/Cladonia_cervicornis_vertic.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C/Cladonia_cervicornis_vertic.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C/Cladonia_cervicornis_vertic.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C/Cladonia_cervicornis_vertic.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Crozon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Crozon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Kador


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Kador


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Kador


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Kador


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Kador


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Roscanvel


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=300&lang=en
France, Commana


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Sweden: Värmland.