ITALIC 8.0

Clauzadea immersa (Hoffm.) Hafellner & Bellem.

in Hafellner, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 79: 322, 1984. Basionym: Verrucaria immersa Hoffm. - Descr. Adumbr. Plant. Lich., 1, 2: 58, 1789.

Synonyms: Biatora immersa (Hoffm.) P. Syd.; Hymenelia immersa sensu Jatta; Lecidea calcivora (Schaer.) A. Massal.; Lecidea immersa (Hoffm.) Ach.; Lecidella immersa (Hoffm.) Körb.; Lichen immersus Weber nom. illegit.; Protoblastenia immersa (Hoffm.) J. Steiner

Distribution: N - VG (Tretiach & Pecchiari 1995, Pinna & al. 1998, Meyer 2002, Crisafulli & al. 2006, Piervittori & al. 2006, Cucchi & al. 2009), Frl (Pinna & al. 1998), Ven (Meyer 2002, Nascimbene 2005c, Nascimbene & al. 2006, Thor & Nascimbene 2007), TAA (Meyer 2002, Nascimbene 2003, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Meyer 2002, Dalle Vedove & al. 2002, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Meyer 2002, Giordani & al. 2016). C - Tosc (Meyer 2002, Benesperi 2006, Tretiach & al. 2008), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Meyer 2002), Umb (Genovesi & Ravera 2001, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1998, Roccardi 2011), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Meyer 2002). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Garofalo & al. 2010), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Meyer 2002, Durini & Medagli 2002, 2004), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Potenza 2006), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, Ottonello 1996, Grillo 1998, Caniglia & Grillo 2001, 2005, 2006, Grillo & al. 2001, 2002, 2009, Meyer 2002, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Liistro & Cataldo 2011).

Description: Thallus crustose, fully endosubstratic, white, pale grey or pale ochre-coloured, usually poorly evident and weakly differentiated, filled with crystals of calcium oxalates. Apothecia lecideine, 0.3-0.8 mm across, deeply immersed in pits in the rock, with a flat, dark red-brown to black (reddish brown when wet), rarely thinly white-pruinose disc, and a thin, black, usually persistent proper margin. Proper exciple usually thin and poorly developed, reddish brown in outer part, almost colourless within, of radially arranged hyphae; epithecium yellowish brown to brown; hymenium colourless, 55-150 µm high, I+ partly pale blue; paraphyses sparingly branched and anastomosing, septate but not moniliform, 2-4.5 µm thick at mid-level, scarcely or not swollen at apex; hypothecium colourless to pale brown, I-. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, with a thin, outer amyloid layer and a thickened tholus penetrated by a pore, the sides of which stain I/KI+ deep blue, Porpidia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 10-16(-19) x 6-9 µm, with a > 1 µm thick, gelatinous perispore when young, the wall of old spores with a warted ornamentation. Pycnidia black, laminal or marginal and arranged in rows, partially immersed. Conidia bacilliform 3-8 x 1-2 µm, with apical and lateral conidiogenesis. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a widespread, temperate to southern boreal-montane lichen found on a wide variety of calciferous rocks, especially limestone, with a wide altitudinal range.

Growth form: Crustose endolithic

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare

Subalpine belt: rare

Oromediterranean belt: rather rare

Montane belt: rather common

Submediterranean belt: very common

Padanian area: very rare

Humid submediterranean belt: very common

Humid mediterranean belt: common

Dry mediterranean belt: rare

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 15561

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (15561)
2001/11/23

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (22347)
2001/12/09

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 15561

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C2/Clauzadea_immersa.htm

France, Session AFL dans le Lot - Moulin du Saut, Gramat
25/5/2015

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C2/Clauzadea_immersa.htm

France, Session AFL dans le Lot - Moulin du Saut, Gramat
25/5/2015

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C2/Clauzadea_immersa.htm

France, Session AFL dans le Lot - Moulin du Saut, Gramat
25/5/2015