Coenogonium luteum (Dicks.) Kalb & Lücking

in Lücking & Kalb, Bot. Jahrb., 122: 32, 2000. Basionym: Lichen luteus Dicks. - Fasc. Pl. Cryptog. Brit., 1: 11, 1785.
Synonyms: Biatorina lutea (Dicks.) Körb.; Dimerella lutea (Dicks.) Trevis.; Gyalecta lutea (Dicks.) Hornem.; Microphiale lutea (Dicks.) Zahlbr.
Distribution: N - VG, Ven (Nascimbene 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2005b, 2006c), Lomb (Jatta 1909-1911), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004). C - Tosc, Laz (Munzi & al. 2013), Sar (Zedda 2002, 2002b). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b), Pugl, Cal (Puntillo 1996, Potenza & al. 2023), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Puntillo 2009, Ottonello & al. 2011).
Description: Thallus crustose, thinly episubstratic, spreading, continuous to cracked-areolate, pale yellowish green to dark olive-green, sometimes evanescent. Apothecia biatorine, sessile, round, (0.4-)0.6-1.5(-2) mm across, usually scattered, clearly constricted at base, with an orange-yellow to yellow-red, shallowly concave then convex, epruinose disc and a paler, flesh-coloured to cream-.coloured, prominent, entire or flexuose, persistent proper margin. Proper exciple colourless, 40-70(-100) µm thick, paraplectenchymatous, composed of globose to angular, thick-walled cells with an outer layer of thin-walled, weakly vertically oriented hyphae; hymenium colourless, 60-70(-90) µm high, I+ blue, then rapidly dirty green and finally red-brown; paraphyses sparingly branched in upper part, 1.5-2.7 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells c. 4.5 µm wide; hypothecium colourless, 20-30 µm high. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, narrowly cylindrical, without an amyloid ring around the apical pore, 55-65 × 6-8 µm , Catillaria-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, fusiform to broadly ellipsoid, (6-)9-11(-14) x 2-3.5(-4.5) µm. Pycnidia 0.05-0.1 mm across, more or less immersed, yellowish brown, the wall colourless. Conidia simple, ellipsoid, 3-4(-5) x 1.3-2(-2.5) µm, not constricted in the middle. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a mild-temperate to humid subtropical lichen found on bark and epiphytic liverworts in semi-natural, old, humid forests at low elevations; mostly Tyrrhenian in Italy. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens under the “Least Concern” category (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010


Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu



Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy


Gothamie Weerakoon; Owner: Gothamie Weerakoon


Gothamie Weerakoon; Owner: Gothamie Weerakoon


Gothamie Weerakoon; Owner: Gothamie Weerakoon



Curtis Randall Björk, - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
2017



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9421)
2001/11/23



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8577], Portugal, Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. Schumm 14.04.2001, det. Aptroot 2010


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Rio Rato, Lugo


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Rio Rato, Lugo


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_luteum.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_luteum.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_luteum.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_luteum.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_luteum.htm
France, Paragan-Fenu - Corse
16/10/2015


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Mougau


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Mougau


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Cranou


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Menez, Hom


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Menez, Hom


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Plogonnec


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Plogonnec


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Cranou


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Plogonnec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Plogonnec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=365&lang=en
France, Le Drennec


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1126&lang=en
France, forme sur roche, Folgoet


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira. 1000 m in Laurisilva



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL77425], Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Jardim, Fazenda Santa Fé, in Atlantic rain forest on tree bark. 21°30° S, 56°45’ W, 500 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 77425), 2.11.2018, det. A. Aptroot, 2019. - Spores 1-septate, 11 x 5 μm.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL77425], Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Jardim, Fazenda Santa Fé, in Atlantic rain forest on tree bark. 21°30° S, 56°45’ W, 500 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 77425), 2.11.2018, det. A. Aptroot, 2019. - Spores 1-septate, 11 x 5 μm.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1585], URSS. Transcaucasus, Colchis. Distr. Sochi, invalle angusta rivi Adya (dextra fluminis Sochi), 300 m. Ad corticem Alni barbatae. Leg. V. Vašák et A. Vezda, 11.6.1978. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1585. - As Dimerella l.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1585], URSS. Transcaucasus, Colchis. Distr. Sochi, invalle angusta rivi Adya (dextra fluminis Sochi), 300 m. Ad corticem Alni barbatae. Leg. V. Vašák et A. Vezda, 11.6.1978. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1585. - As Dimerella l.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2406], Italia, Calabria, Regio Calabria in loco dicto Due Mari (Cimina), 1020 m. Muscicola, ad corticem Crataegi oxyacantha. Leg. D. Puntillo, 23.6.1989. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2406. As Dimerella l.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2406], Italia, Calabria, Regio Calabria in loco dicto Due Mari (Cimina), 1020 m. Muscicola, ad corticem Crataegi oxyacantha. Leg. D. Puntillo, 23.6.1989. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2406. As Dimerella l.