Coenogonium pineti (Ach.) Lücking & Lumbsch

in Lücking & al., Mycologia, 96: 290, 2004. Basionym: Lecidea pineti Schrad. ex Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 195, 1810.
Synonyms: Biatora pineti (Ach.) Fr.; Biatorina diluta (Pers.) Th. Fr.; Biatorina pineti (Ach.) A. Massal.; Dimerella diluta (Pers.) Trevis.; Dimerella pineti (Ach.) Vězda; Gyalecta alnicola B. de Lesd.; Gyalecta diluta (Pers.) Blomb. & Forssell; Gyalecta pineti (Ach.) Tuck.; Gyalecta rosea (Eitner) Zahlbr.; Microphiale diluta (Pers.) Zahlbr.; Peziza diluta Pers. non Fr.
Distribution: N - VG (Carvalho 1997), Frl (Obermayer 2016), Ven (Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & al. 2008e, 2013b, Nascimbene 2008, 2008c, Nascimbene & Marini 2010), TAA (Nascimbene 2006b, 2008b, 2013, 2014, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2008c, 2014, 2022, Nascimbene & Marini 2015, Nimis & al. 2015, Trindade & al. 2021), Lomb (Gheza 2018, Gheza & al. 2022b), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), Emil (Nimis & al. 1996, Tretiach & al. 2008, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999, Putortì & al. 1999b, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi & al. 1997b, Stofer 2006, Benesperi & al. 2007, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Benesperi 2011, Paoli & al. 2012, Brackel 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2015), Umb (Ravera 1998, Ravera & al. 2006, Panfili 2007), Laz (Ravera & al. 1999, 2003, Massari & Ravera 2002, Stofer 2006, Ravera 2006c, Munzi & al. 2007, Zucconi & al. 2013), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2015, Caporale & al. 2016), Mol (Caporale & al. 2008, Paoli & al. 2015, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar (Rizzi & al. 2011, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Puntillo & al. 2000, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Brunialti & al. 2010, 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996, Sérusiaux 1998, Chiappetta 2000, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004, Incerti & Nimis 2006), Si (Ottonello & Romano 1997, Ottonello & al. 2011).
Description: Thallus crustose, thinly episubstratic, continuous, smooth to finely granulose, dark green or grey-green, sometimes evanescent. Apothecia biatorine, 0.1-0.4(-0.5) mm across, sessile, round, slightly constricted at base, with a concave to flat, whitish to cream-coloured disc (turning yellowish or pinkish in the herbarium) and a thin, smooth, persistent proper margin. Proper exciple well-developed, paraplectenchymatous, composed of globose to angular cells with an outer layer of weakly vertically oriented hyphae; hymenium colourless, 70-90 μm high, I+ blue, then rapidly dirty green and finally red-brown, K/I+ blue; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched in upper part, 1-2 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells c. 4 µm wide; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, subcylindrical-clavate, with a blue outer coat and uniformly K/I+ blue apical dome, Catillaria-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, fusiform to ellipsoid, 9-13(-15) x 2-3.5(-4.5) μm. Pycnidia more or less immersed, hemispherical, 0.1-0.2 mm across, the wall colourless. Conidia oblong, 6-7(-8) x 1.8-2.8 µm, often constricted in the middle. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a probably holarctic lichen, most common on acid bark, both of conifers and of broad-leaved trees, below the subalpine belt; certainly widespread throughout the country, especially in semi-natural areas with a humid climate.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark and lignum
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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(info)

Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36794)
2008.02.25


Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30796)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36794)
2008.02.25



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (29759)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30796)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30796)
2008.03.06



Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38512



G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 32297



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 43797



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 43797


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_pineti.htm; Owner: -
France, CBNMC, Chavaniac-Lafayette - Haute-Loire
4/3/2016


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_pineti.htm; Owner: -
France, CBNMC, Chavaniac-Lafayette - Haute-Loire
4/3/2016


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_pineti.htm; Owner: -
France, CBNMC, Chavaniac-Lafayette - Haute-Loire
4/3/2016


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Coenogonium_pineti.htm; Owner: -
France, CBNMC, Chavaniac-Lafayette - Haute-Loire
4/3/2016


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, sur Cupressus Lesteven


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=590&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.