Cornicularia normoerica (Gunnerus) Du Rietz

Ark. Bot., 20A, 11: 32, 1926. Basionym: Lichen normoericus Gunnerus - Fl. Norveg., 2: 123, 1772.
Synonyms: Alectoria tristis (F.H. Wigg.) Th. Fr.; Cetraria normoerica (Gunnerus) Lynge; Cetraria tristis (F.H. Wigg.) Fr.; Cornicularia tristis (F.H. Wigg.) Ach.; Imbricaria tristis (F.H. Wigg.) Anzi; Parmelia tristis (F.H. Wigg.) Spreng.; Platysma triste (F.H. Wigg.) Nyl.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000), Ven, TAA (Caniglia & al. 2002, Thell & al. 2004, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Dalle Vedove & al. 2004), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Isocrono & al. 2004, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008), VA (Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, Piervittori & al. 2004, Matteucci & al. 2015c), Lig. C - Sar (Nöske 2000). S - Bas (Potenza & al. 2014), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Potenza & al. 2011), Si (Christensen 2022).
Description: Thallus fruticose, erect, stiff, brownish black to black, shiny, simple or dichotomously branched, firmly attached by a basal holdfast, forming 3-5 cm wide, 1-2(-3) cm tall tufts. Branches 0.3-0.7 mm wide, flattened but not dorsiventral in upper part, subterete towards the base, without pseudocyphellae. Cortex 2-layered, with a thin, brownish, paraplectenchymatous outer layer and a very thick, colourless, prosoplectenchymatous inner layer; medulla white, dense. Apothecia usually common, lecanorine, terminal or subterminal, 2-5(-7) mm across, with a black disc which often has a few cylindrical projections, and a concolorous thalline margin. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with a K/I+ blue, tall tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, 5-6 x 3-4 µm. Pycnidia black, on the margin of branches. Conidia dumbbell-shaped (thickened at both ends), 6-8 x 0.5-0.8 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a circumpolar, arctic-alpine lichen found on hard, wind-exposed siliceous rocks, with optimum above treeline; common only in the Alps, but reaching the southern Apennines in Calabria and the mountains of Sicilia.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: common
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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(info)

Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Textes_C/Cornicularia_normoerica.htm
France, Vallée haute, Laval - Névache - Hautes-Alpes
17/6/2018


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41925



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38621



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38621


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41927



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41929



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38621



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38621


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 11782


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Corse, Zicavo, 1600 m


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Corse, Zicavo, 1600 m


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Corse, Zicavo, 1600 m


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Pyrénées, Cauterets


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1331&lang=en
France, Alpes Tarentaise


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Austria: Alps. (2700 m above sea level).


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Austria: Alps. (2700 m above sea level).