Cystocoleus ebeneus (Dillwyn) Thwaites

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 3: 241, 1849. Basionym: Conferva ebenea Dillwyn - Brit. Corferv.: tab. 101, 1809.
Synonyms: Coenogonium ebeneum (Dillwyn) A.L. Sm.; Coenogonium germanicum Glück; Cystocoleus niger auct. non (Huds.) Har.; Racodium ebeneum (Dillwyn) Fr.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach 2004), Ven (Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000), TAA (Caniglia & al. 2002, Nascimbene 2005b, 2006c, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Nascimbene 2006), Piem (Matteucci & al. 2013), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Tretiach & al. 2008, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999). C - Tosc (TSB 34222). S - Bas (Potenza & al. 2014), Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996, Potenza & al. 2011).
Description: Thallus minutely filamentous, forming mats or small tufts on the rock, consisting of c. 10 µm thick, irregularly arranged, black, nodulose, sometimes shortly branched (at right angles) filaments. Filaments covered with dark-brown, tortuous, branched, brown-pigmented, short-celled hyphae with irregularly undulate, thick walls reacting I+ blue-black, forming a dense network closely surrounding and adhering to single filaments of Trentepohlia. Apothecia and pycnidia unknown. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a cool-temperate to boreal-montane, probably holarctic lichen found on vertical to rain-protected surfaces of siliceous rocks in very humid situations, more rarely on soil. The species often grows mixed with Racodium rupestre, forming black, felt-like patches over extensive areas of rock; the most commonly associated lichens are species of Lepraria; much overlooked, and certainly more widespread, at least in the Alps.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by thallus fragmentation
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
In underhangs rarely wetted by rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37281



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (28586)
2001/11/23



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34822)
2002/02/12


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 28586



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2010-11-03 On siliceous boulder talus



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2010-11-03 On siliceous boulder talus



Pier Luigi Nimis
Italy
TSB 37282



Pier Luigi Nimis
Italy
TSB 37282



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41935



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41935



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41935



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37280



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37280


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 15011



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37281



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37281


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Roc'h Trédudon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Roc'h Trédudon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Roc'h Trédudon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Roc'h Trédudon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=602&lang=en
France, Ardennes