Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) Flot.

Jahresber. Schles. Ges. vaterl. Kultur, 28: 119. 1850.. Basionym: Lichen ciliaris L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1144, 1753.
Synonyms: Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) A. Massal.; Anaptychia ciliaris subsp. mammillata (Taylor) D. Hawksw. & P. James; Anaptychia ciliaris var. melanosticta (Ach.) Boistel; Anaptychia ciliaris var. schultzkorthii Szatala; Anaptychia ciliaris var. vulgaris Körb.; Anaptychia melanosticta (Ach.) Trass; Borrera ciliaris (L.) Ach.; Borrera ciliaris var. verrucosa Ach.; Borrera solenaria Duby; Hagenia ciliaris (L.) W. Mann; Parmelia ciliaris (L.) Ach.; Parmelia ciliaris var. solenaria (Duby) Anzi; Physcia ciliaris (L.) DC.; Physcia ciliaris var. melanosticta (Ach.) Th. Fr.; Physcia ciliaris var. vulgaris (Körb.) Syd.
Distribution: N - VG (Tretiach 1993, Castello 1996), Frl (Tretiach 1993, 1996), Ven (Tretiach 1993, Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, 2000b, 2003c, Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene 2008c, Nascimbene & al. 2009c, 2010b), TAA (Tretiach 1993, Nascimbene 2003, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000b, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2007b, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Valcuvia & al. 2003, De Vita & Valcuvia 2004, Gheza & al. 2020, 2023), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Arosio & al. 1998, Isocrono & al. 2003, Piervittori 2003, Morisi 2005), VA (Piervittori & Maffei 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008), Emil (Tretiach 1993, Tretiach & al. 2008, Benesperi 2009, Brackel 2015, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Tretiach 1993, Brunialti & al. 1999, Brunialti & Giordani 2000, Giordani & al. 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani & Incerti 2008, Brackel 2015). C - Tosc (Tretiach 1993, Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi 1996, Loppi & De Dominicis 1996, Loppi & al. 1997, 1997b, 1998, 1998b, 2002, 2002c, Monaci & al. 1997, Putortì & al. 1998, Loppi & Nascimbene 1998, 2010, Loppi & Pirintsos 2000, Frati & al. 2006b, Benesperi & al. 2007, Benesperi & Lastrucci 2007, Lastrucci & al. 2009, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Benesperi 2011, Brackel 2015, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Putortì & Loppi 1999b, Frati & Brunialti 2006, Brackel 2015), Umb (Ravera 1998, 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Panfili 2000b, 2007, Ravera & al. 2006, Ciotti & al. 2009, Brackel 2015), Laz (Tretiach 1993, Massari & Ravera 2002, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ruisi & al. 2005, Ravera & Genovesi 2008, Zucconi & al. 2013, Brackel 2015), Abr (Tretiach 1993, Recchia & al. 1993, Olivieri & Pacioni 1996, Olivieri & al. 1997, 1997b, Loppi & al. 1998d, 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2016, Corona & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008, Ravera & al. 2010, Genovesi & Ravera 2014, Paoli & al. 2015, Brackel 2020, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar (Tretiach 1993, Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Loi & al. 2000, Nöske 2000, Zedda & Sipman 2001, Zedda & al. 2001, Rizzi & al. 2011, Kodnik & al. 2011, Cossu 2013, Brackel & Berger 2019, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Tretiach 1993, Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, 2011, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Tretiach 1993, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Potenza 2006, Potenza & Fascetti 2010, Brackel 2011), Cal (Tretiach 1993, Puntillo 1995, 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004, Brackel & Puntillo 2016, Lich. Ital. Exs. 24: Isocrono & al. 2018), Si (Tretiach 1993, Czezuga & al. 1994, Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, 2011, Grillo & Cristaudo 1995, Ottonello 1996, Ottonello & Romano 1997, Merlo 2004, 2004b, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, 2006, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Falco Scampatelli 2005, Liistro & Cataldo 2011, Caporale & Ravera 2020, Brackel & Puntillo 2023).
Description: Thallus foliose to subfruticose, grey to grey-brown, almost blackish in sun-forms, somehow shrubby, loosely attached, erhizinate, often forming large (up to 30 cm) patches. Lobes flattened, (1.5-)3-4(-6) mm wide, several cm long, linear, sometimes densely and finely tomentose, with prominent marginal cilia. Lower surface whitish, channelled. Upper cortex prosoplectenchymatous, of conglutinated, thick-walled, periclinally arranged hyphae, overlain by a transparent layer of similar hyphae; lower cortex absent. Apothecia frequent, round, lecanorine, strongly constricted to substipitate, to 8 mm across, with a black, often faintly pruinose disc and a grey to grey brown, smooth to crenulated thalline margin. Epithecium brown; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the K/I+ blue tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-septate, brown, ellipsoid, constricted at septa, 30-45(-50) x (15-)17-24 µm, thin-walled except ay septum (Physconia-type), ornamented. Pycnidia dark, semi-immersed. Conidia hyaline, short-bacilliform, straight. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a temperate species found on bark of more or less isolated trees, sometimes also on rock and amongst terricolous mosses in open situations. Formerly more common and widespread, it is presently very rare in Northern Italy, but still locally abundant in the Apennines and in the Islands. Narrow-lobed forms on plant debris reach the oromediterranean belt and the subalpine belt of the Alps. See also note on A. crinalis.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


G. Incerti CC BY-SA 04
TSB 30915



G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30915)
2001/11/01


Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu



Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009



Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16579], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Reutlingen, 2.5 km westlich von Münsingen, Altes Lager auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz, 48.41935° N, 9.53646° E, 817 m, an Acer. Leg. et det. Schumm 14.08.2010.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16579], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Reutlingen, 2.5 km westlich von Münsingen, Altes Lager auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz, 48.41935° N, 9.53646° E, 817 m, an Acer. Leg. et det. Schumm 14.08.2010.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16579], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Reutlingen, 2.5 km westlich von Münsingen, Altes Lager auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz, 48.41935° N, 9.53646° E, 817 m, an Acer. Leg. et det. Schumm 14.08.2010.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16579], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Reutlingen, 2.5 km westlich von Münsingen, Altes Lager auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz, 48.41935° N, 9.53646° E, 817 m, an Acer. Leg. et det. Schumm 14.08.2010.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16579], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Reutlingen, 2.5 km westlich von Münsingen, Altes Lager auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz, 48.41935° N, 9.53646° E, 817 m, an Acer. Leg. et det. Schumm 14.08.2010.


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37535



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37535



G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 30915



G. Incerti CC BY-SA 04
TSB 30915


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Drôme


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Corse, Murato


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Corse, Murato


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
France, Corse, Murato


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
Sweden, Sigtuna


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
Sweden, Sigtuna


Berbard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=435&lang=en
Sweden, Sigtuna