Diplotomma hedinii (H. Magn.) P. Clerc & Cl. Roux

in Clerc, Crypt. Helv., 19: 292, 2004 (as hedinianum). Basionym: Buellia hedinii H. Magn. - Lich. Central Asia: 146, 1940.
Synonyms: Buellia epipolia auct.; Buellia rivas-martinezii Barreno & A. Crespo; Diploschistes alboatrum var. epipolium auct.; Diplotomma epipolium auct. non (Ach.) Arnold; Diplotomma rivas-martinezii (Barreno & A. Crespo) Barreno & A. Crespo; Lecidea alboatra var. saxicola Ach.; Lecidea epipolia auct.; Rhizocarpon alboatrum var. epipolium auct.
Distribution: N - VG (Castello 2002, Martellos & Castello 2004), Frl, Ven (Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene 2004, 2005c, 2008c), TAA (Nascimbene 2003, 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2022, Nascimbene & Marini 2007), Lomb (Valcuvia & al. 2003), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Morisi 2005), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999), Emil (Nimis & al. 1996, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Valcuvia & al. 2000). C - Tosc (Benesperi 2000, 2006), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Tretiach & Pinna 2000), Umb (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Panfili 2003, 2007, Ravera & al. 2006, Genovesi 2011), Laz (Bartoli 1997b, Bartoli & al. 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach, 1999, 2004, Caporale & al. 2008, Genovesi & Ravera 2014, Brackel 2020), Sar. S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Aprile & al. 2003, 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Gianfreda & Matino 2020), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, 2011, Ottonello 1996, Schicchi & al. 1997, Grillo 1998, Grillo & al. 2001, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Merlo 2004b, Brackel 2008b).
Description: Thallus crustose, chalky white, continuous or cracked, rather thick, forming well-delimited, up to 3 cm wide, orbicular patches. Cortex colourless to pale grey, indistinctly paraplectenchymatous; medulla white, I-. Apothecia lecideine, at first immersed, then subsessile, 0.5-1.3 mm across, with a black, often initially pruinose disc, a thin, often soon excluded proper margin, and usually a pseudothalline margin in young apothecia. Proper exciple thin, brown, of radiating hyphae; epithecium dark brown; hymenium colourless, K/I+ blue; paraphyses simple, c. 1.5 μm thick at mid-level, the apical cells to 4.5 μm wide; hypothecium brown. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass), the wall I-, but the thin outer gel I+ blue, approaching the Bacidia-type. Ascospores 3-septate, brown, ellipsoid, often slightly curved, thick-walled, (14-)17-21 x 6-11 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C.-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a mainly temperate species of exposed calcareous rocks. The synonymisation of this species with D. venustum, by Nordin (1996) is not accepted here: this author carried out his studies in southern Scandinavia, the northernmost distributional limit of both species; in southern Europe, however, D. hedinii and D. venustum can be easily recognised by gross morphological traits and by their peculiar biology (see note on D. venustum), even disregarding the chemical characters which were considered as important by Nordin (1996).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: rare
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: very common
Padanian area: rare
Humid submediterranean belt: very common
Humid mediterranean belt: very common
Dry mediterranean belt: rather rare

pH of the substrata:

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(info)

Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (16830)
2001/11/24



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35715)
2003/01/22



Pier Luigi Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Val Rosandra, San Lorenzo near Belvedere
11/02/2017



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12467], Griechenland, W-Samos, an der Straße südlich von Kastania, N-exponierte schattige Blockhalde, 37°44.519' N, 26°41.761' E, 340 m. Leg. F. Schumm 08.05.2006, det. K. Kalb 7.7.2018
as Diplotomma epipolium



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern


Bernard Bouffiiner - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, L'Aber, Rozan


Bernard Bouffiiner - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, L'Aber, Rozan


Bernard Bouffiiner - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Fraternite - Four à chaux


Bernard Bouffiiner - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Fraternite - Four à chaux


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=857&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Bavaria.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE Europe; NE-Cyprus; ruins of Salamis.