Flavoparmelia soredians (Nyl.) Hale

Mycotaxon, 25: 605, 1986. Basionym: Parmelia soredians Nyl. - Flora, 55: 426, 1872.
Synonyms: Pseudoparmelia soredians (Nyl.) Hale
Distribution: N - VG (Tretiach 1993), Frl (Tretiach 1993, Tretiach & Molaro 2007), Ven (Thor & Nascimbene 2007), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2014, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Obermayer 2013), Piem (Castino 2004), Emil (Nimis & al. 1996, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Tretiach 1993, Castello & al. 1994, Caviglia & al. 2001, Giordani & al. 2001, 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008, Watson 2014). C - Tosc (Tretiach 1993, Putortì & Loppi 1999, Frati & al. 2007, 2008, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Loppi & Baragatti 2011, Paoli & al. 2012, 2015d, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc (Frati & al. 2004), Umb (Ravera 2000, Ravera & al. 2006, Ciotti & al. 2009), Laz (Tretiach 1993, Bartoli & al. 1997, Massari & Ravera 2002, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ruisi & al. 2005, Munzi & al. 2007, Ravera 2008b, Gagliardi & al. 2010, Zucconi & al. 2013), Abr (Recchia & Villa 1996, Olivieri & al. 1997, 1997b, Loppi & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Frati & al. 2004, Caporale & al. 2008, Paoli & al. 2015, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar (Tretiach 1993, Zedda 1995, 2002, Rizzi & al. 2011, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Brunialti & al. 2010, 2013, Garofalo & al. 2010, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2011, Gianfreda & Matino 2020), Bas (Potenza & Fascetti 2005, 2012, Fascetti & al. 2006, Potenza & al. 2010), Cal (Tretiach 1993, Puntillo 1996, Incerti & Nimis 2006), Si (Tretiach 1993, Ottonello & al. 1994, Nimis & al. 1994, Baruffo & al. 2006, Caniglia & Grillo 2006b, Tretiach & al. 2011b).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, closely attached, forming regular, up to 7(-10) cm wide, orbicular rosettes. Lobes 3-5(-7) mm wide, yellow-green, with farinose soredia in laminal, convex, often elongated soralia. Lower surface black centrally, brown peripherally, with simple rhizines. Upper cortex of tightly packed, anticlinally oriented hyphae, with a thin pored epicortex, the cell walls with isolichenan; medulla white; algal layer continuous; lower cortex paraplectenchymatous. Apothecia very rare, lecanorine, with a brown, imperforate disc and a sorediate margin. Epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the K/I+ blue tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 17-19 x 7-8 µm. Pycnidia laminal, immersed, black. Conidia spindle-shaped. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K-, C-, KC- or KC+ pale yellow, P-; medulla K+ yellow turning red, C-, KC+ red, P+ orange, UV-. Chemistry: upper cortex with usnic acid; medulla with salazinic acid.
Note: a mild-temperate lichen found on broad-leaved, more rarely coniferous trees, with optimum in areas with a warm-humid climate, usually below the montane belt. Some coastal saxicolous collections (TSB) are worthy of further study.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 32615



Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8108], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, auf Pinus canariensis westlich von Artenara in Richtung Pinar de Tamadaba, 28°01.448' N, 15°39.201' W, 1134 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8108], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, auf Pinus canariensis westlich von Artenara in Richtung Pinar de Tamadaba, 28°01.448' N, 15°39.201' W, 1134 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8108], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, auf Pinus canariensis westlich von Artenara in Richtung Pinar de Tamadaba, 28°01.448' N, 15°39.201' W, 1134 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm



G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32615)
2001/11/26



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Tarcento, wayside trees in Via Roma
16.07.2019



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Tarcento, wayside trees in Via Roma
16.07.2019



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8108], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, auf Pinus canariensis westlich von Artenara in Richtung Pinar de Tamadaba, 28°01.448' N, 15°39.201' W, 1134 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm



G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 32615



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38242



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38242)
2008.02.25



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_F/Flavoparmelia_soredians.htm
France, 2014 - Haute-Savoie


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_F/Flavoparmelia_soredians.htm
France, 2014 - Haute-Savoie


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_F/Flavoparmelia_soredians.htm
France, région d'Ajaccio, près du littoral - Corse
8/10/2018


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_F/Flavoparmelia_soredians.htm
France, région d'Ajaccio, près du littoral - Corse
8/10/2018


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=123&lang=en
France, Guilvinec


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=123&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=123&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=123&lang=en
France, Chateaulin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=707&lang=en
France, Le Fret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=707&lang=en
France, Le Fret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=707&lang=en
France, Le Fret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Crozon
on the gel-coat of plastic boat hulls from boat cemeteries


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Ile de Batz
sur Coque de bateau


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1238&lang=en
France, Ile de Batz
sur Coque de bateau


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Raz
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Raz
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Van
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Van
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Van
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Van
saxicole


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1186&lang=en
France, Pointe du Van
saxicole