ITALIC 8.0

Frutidella furfuracea (Anzi) M. Westb. & M. Svensson

Mycokeys, 25: 64, 2017. Basionym: Biatora furfuracea Anzi - Comm. Soc. Crittog. Ital. 2: 13, 1864.

Synonyms: Biatora amaurospoda Anzi; Biatora pullata Norman; Frutidella pullata (Norman) Schmull; Lecidea anziana Zahlbr.; Lecidea furfuracea (Anzi) Jatta non Pers.; Lecidea ostrogothensis Nyl.; Lecidea perobscurans Nyl.; Lecidea pullata (Norman) Th. Fr.

Distribution: N - Frl (Nascimbene & al. 2021), Ven (Lazzarin 1997, Thor & Nascimbene 2007), TAA (Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2022, Nascimbene 2014, Nascimbene & Marini 2015, Nimis & al. 2015, Trindade & al. 2021), Lomb (Printzen 1995), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004). C - Tosc (Benesperi & al. 2007).

Description: Thallus crustose, endo- to episubstratic in non-sorediate parts, continuous to more or less distinctly areolate, forming regular or irregular, up to 10 cm wide patches., usually delimited by a dark, bluish to brown prothallus, the blue pigment N+ red. Areoles 0.1-0.3 mm wide, convex, green to pale brown, soon bursting apically into minute, irregularly punctiform, 0.1(-0.3) mm wide, mostly flat soralia; soredia farinose, up to 20-30 μm in diam, the external ones brownish, the internal ones pale greenish. Apothecia not always present, biatorine, up to 0.6 mm across, the disc flat to strongly convex, blackish but often faintly pruinose and appearing bluish grey, lead-grey or grey-black, rarely with a brownish hue, the proper margin soon excluded. Proper exciple more or less colourless, of radiating hyphae; epithecium pale olive-green to brown; hymenium colourless to bluish green; paraphyses strongly coherent, sparingly branched and anastomosing; hypothecium pale olive-brown. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the K/I+ blue tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 9-17 x 4-7.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus and soralia K- (or soralia K+ very pale yellow), C-, KC-, P-, UV+ white. Chemistry: sphaerophorin (major), isosphaeric acid (traces).

Note: on bark, on basal parts of (mainly) coniferous trees, more rarely on lignum, often associated with Parmeliopsis ambigua, with optimum in the subalpine belt; most frequent in the Alps.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: rather common

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rather rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

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3

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6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Author: Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (36847)
2008.02.25

Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0

British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2012-04-04 Corticolous on trunk of Alnus incana in garden