ITALIC 8.0

Graphis macrocarpa (Pers.) Röhl.

Deutschl. Fl., 3, 2: 55, 1813. Basionym: Opegrapha macrocarpa Pers. - Ann. Bot. (Usteri), 7: 29, 1794.

Synonyms:

Distribution: C - Umb (Brackel 2015).

Description: Thallus crustose, finely rimose, grey to brown, dull, often delimited by a dark prothallus. Apothecia lirelliform, black, rounded to elliptical when young, later elongate, mostly erumpent, sometimes prominent, straight or curved, simple or branched, usually with rounded ends, 2-6 x 0.1-0.45 mm, with an expanded, epruinose, dark brown, shiny disc, and a well-developed, 25-60 µm thick proper margin with entire lips, usually without a thalline margin. Proper exciple black and carbonized laterally, poorly developed and not carbonized at base; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless, not inspersed with oil droplets, 90-100 µm high; paraphyses simple, dense, 1.5-2 µm thick, with brownish tips; subhymenium colourless. Asci (4-)8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, non fissitunicate, dehiscent by an apical split, K/I-, Graphis-type. Ascospores 7-13-septate with irregular, elliptical to lens-shaped lumina, hyaline, fusiform-cylindrical, 15-42 x 5-12 µm, the wall I+ blue-violet. Pycnidia rare, immersed. Conidia bacilliform, 2-5 x 1 µm. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a taxon of the G. scripta-group, characterised by apothecia with rounded ends and widely exposed epruinose brown discs, found on the bark of broad-leaved trees in various forest types. See also comment on the genus.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Bavarian Alps, Germany

U. Kirschbaum - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder-g-h

Bavarian Alps, Germany