ITALIC 7.0

Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube & Matzer

Bibl. Lichenol., 68: 10, 1997.

Synonyms: Bryostigma phaeophysciae (Grube & Matzer) S.Y. Kondr. & J.-S. Hur

Distribution: N - Frl (Brackel 2013), TAA (Ravera & al. 2023b), Emil (Herb. von Brackel 402). C - Laz (Herb. von Brackel 404).

Description: Thallus inapparent, not lichenized, the hyphae developing inside the thalli of Phaeophyscia-species. Apothecia arthonioid, immarginate, breaking through the upper cortex of the host, more or less round, 0.1-0.3 mm across, with a black, sometimes grey-pruinose (remains of the epinecral layer of the host), flat to slightly convex disc, without a proper margin. Proper exciple poorly developed; epithecium pale olive-brown, 10-25 µm high; hymenium colourless, 30-40 µm high, I+ red, K/I+ bluish then reddish; paraphysoids branched and anastomosing, vertically oriented, 2-3 µm thick; hypothecium colourless to pale brown, 20-25 µm high, K+ grey. Asci 8-spored, broadly clavate to subglobose, semi-fissitunicate, with a large, non-amyloid apical dome, a distinct ocular chamber, and an amyloid ring-structure in tholus, Arthonia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, obovate, 12-14 x 4-6 µm, with a gelatinous epispore. Photobiont absent. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a lichenicolous fungus, commensalistic or weakly parasitic on the thalli of Phaeophyscia-species, especially P. orbicularis; perhaps more widespread throughout Italy, at least in the North, below the subalpine belt; the species, however, seems to be rare south of the Alps, (von Brackel in litt.).

Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus

Substrata: bark

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

paras Phaeophyscia spp.

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: extremely rare

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Mark Powell CC BY-SA-NC Source: http://fungi.myspecies.info/all-fungi/arthonia-phaeophysciae