Gyrographa saxigena (Taylor) Ertz & Tehler

in Ertz & al., Fungal Diversity, 70: 43, 2015. Basionym: Opegrapha saxigena Taylor - in Mackay, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 13: 93, 1854
Synonyms: Opegrapha conferta Anzi; Opegrapha xanthodes Nyl.
Distribution: N - Lomb. C - Tosc (Tretiach & al. 2008), Sar.
Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic or thinly episubstratic, whitish to pale grey, granulose, often poorly evident. Apothecia lirelliform, black, elongate, 0.5-1.5 x 0.2-0.3(-0.5) mm, epruinose, clearly raised, with a slit-like to slightly exapanded disc, at first isolated, but soon gathered into irregular to star-shaped, 2-3 mm wide, convex clusters. Proper exciple black, carbonized, extending below the hymenium; epithecium brown, c. 10 µm high; hymenium colourless, 70-100 µm high, I+ blue; paraphysoids 1.5-2 µm thick, the apical cells slightly swollen; subhymenium brownish, 25-35 µm high; hypothecium brown-black, carbonized. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, fissitunicate, laterally thin-walled, the apex rounded, with a tholus and a small ocular chamber, within a K/I+ medium blue ring (the only amyloid part of the ascus wall), the ascoplasma K/I+ orange-brown. Ascospores 3-septate, hyaline, more or less club-shaped, thick-walled and with rectangular loculi, 15-20(-24) x 4-6 µm, without a distinct perispore, the wall thick, thickened at septa. Pycnidia black, semi-immersed. Conidia bacilliform, 5-7 x 1-1.2 µm. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: thallus K- C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a mild-temperate to Mediterranean-Macaronesian lichen of shaded siliceous rocks, mostly coastal; probably overlooked, or confused with other species in the past, but certainly not common.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Le Passage



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34939)
2002/04/03
old apothecia forming convex clumps



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (13113)
2001/11/27


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_O/Texte_O/Opegrapha_conferta.htm
France, 10/10/2018 - Ajaccio, Pointe de la Parata, alt.5 m - Corse


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Le Fret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Le Fret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Argol


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Argol


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Crozon, falaise au bord de mer


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Landevennec


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Le Passage


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Le Passage



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (13113)
2001/11/27


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Lostmarc'h


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Lostmarc'h


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Pointe d'Armorique


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Reun ar Chrank


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=639&lang=en
France, Trezien


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_O/Texte_O/Opegrapha_conferta.htm
France, 10/10/2018 - Ajaccio, Pointe de la Parata, alt.5 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_O/Texte_O/Opegrapha_conferta.htm
France, 10/10/2018 - Ajaccio, Pointe de la Parata, alt.5 m - Corse