ITALIC 7.0

Acarospora helvetica H. Magn.

Svensk Bot. Tidskr., 18: 336, 1924.

Synonyms: Acarospora austriaca H. Magn.; Acarospora obscura H. Magn.

Distribution: N - Ven (Knudsen & Kocourková 2020). C - Sar (Knudsen & Kocourková 2020).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, areolate, the areoles angular to almost round, 0.2-1(-3) mm wide, contiguous and forming a rather well-delimited thallus, more rarely dispersed, sometimes the peripheral ones indistinctly lobulate, flat to slightly convex, usually dark brown to reddish brown with a darker margin, epruinose. Cortex 15-20(-30) µm thick, the upper part dark brown, the lower part colourless, without a distinct epicortex; algal layer continuous, 30-80 μm thick; medulla white, up to 300 μm thick, the hyphae 3-5 μm thick. Apothecia 0.2-0.5(-1) mm across, usually immersed, 1(-5) per areole, with a slightly concave to flat, smooth, brown to reddish brown disc, and a poorly evident to slightly raised thalline margin; proper margin forming a distinct parathecial ring in mature apothecia. Proper exciple at first thin, later expanding up to 100 μm above the disc; epithecium pale brown 10-25 μm high; hymenium colourless, 70-100-(120) μm high, the hymenial gel hemiamyloid, K/I+ blue turning reddish; paraphyses 1.5-2 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells up to 3 µm wide; hypothecium colourless. Asci 100-200-spored, clavate, the apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, 3-4(-5) x 1.5-1.7(-2) μm. Pycnidia rare. Conidia c. 2 x 0.5 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances.

Note: on intermediate, base-rich siliceous rocks, from the submediterranean to the alpine belt; known from Central and Southern Europe. For further details see Knudsen & Kocourková (2020).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Pioneer species

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: extremely rare

Subalpine belt: rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rare

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: very rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model