Porpidinia tumidula (Sm.) Timdal

Bibl. Lichenol, 104: 334, 2010. Basionym: Lichen tumidulus Sm. - Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1: 82, tab. 4, fig. 3, 1791.
Synonyms: Biatorina mammillaris (Gouan) Jatta; Biatorina tumidula (Sm.) A.L. Sm.; Lecidea mammillaris (Gouan) Fr.; Lichen mammillaris Gouan; Thalloidima mammillare (Gouan) A. Massal.; Thalloidima mesenteriforme Arnold; Thalloidima tumidulum (Sm.) Szatala; Toninia hercegovinica Zahlbr.; Toninia mammillaris (Gouan) Th. Fr.; Toninia mesenteriformis (Arnold) Schuler; Toninia tumidula (Sm.) Zahlbr.
Distribution: N - VG, Frl, Ven (Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene & Marini 2007), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2006, Nascimbene 2008b), Piem, Lig (Giordani & al. 2016). C - Tosc, Mol (TSB 27023), Sar. S - Pugl, Bas (Potenza & al. 2014), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994).
Description: Thallus subcrustose-squamulose, closely adpressed. Squamules up to 6(-8) mm wide, scattered to usually contiguous, flat to weakly convex, pale greenish grey to brown, but usually densely white-pruinose; lower surface white to brownish. Upper cortex 50-80(-100) µm thick, with anticlinally oriented hyphae, sometimes with a thin epinecral layer, filled with crystals of calcium oxalates; medulla white, with crystals; lower cortex poorly developed to absent. Apothecia frequent, lecideine, to 1.5 mm across, mostly at the margins of squamules, at first flat, then convex, black and epruinose. Proper exciple thin, becoming excluded, dark brown throughout, K-, with crystals of calcium oxalates; epithecium olive-brown, lacking crystals, K-, N-; hymenium colourless to pale brown in lower part, 70-80 µm high, I-; paraphyses coherent, with a sharply delimited brown cap; hypothecium dark brown. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, with a well-developed I+ blue tholus, a I+ darker blue tube, lacking an ocular chamber. Ascospores (0-)1-septate, hyaline, ellipsoid to subfusiform, 10-18(-20) x (3-)4-5 µm. Pycnidia dark, submarginal. Conidia filiform, curved, 20-35 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P-, UV- or UV+ bluish. Chemistry: atranorin (in variable amounts) in upper cortex, sometimes with an unknown UV+ substance.
Note: on weathered calciferous rocks, most often in fine crevices and on steeply inclined surfaces, with optimum in the submediterranean belt.
Growth form: Squamulose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Submediterranean belt: rather rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 30661



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 13185



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 13185



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30061)
2001/12/11



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 30661



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30061)
2001/12/11


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Porpidinia_tumidula.htm
France, 26/8/2017 - vers le crêt de la Neige, alt. 1710 m - Ain


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Porpidinia_tumidula.htm
France, 26/8/2017 - vers le crêt de la Neige, alt. 1710 m - Ain


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Porpidinia_tumidula.htm
France, 26/8/2017 - vers le crêt de la Neige, alt. 1710 m - Ain


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Porpidinia_tumidula.htm
France, 26/8/2017 - vers le crêt de la Neige, alt. 1710 m - Ain


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Porpidinia_tumidula.htm
France, 26/8/2017 - vers le crêt de la Neige, alt. 1710 m - Ain


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Dijon


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Dijon


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1333&lang=en
France, Remuzat