Aspicilia candida (Anzi) Hue

Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, 5 sér., 2: 64, 1912 (“1910”). Basionym: Aspicilia polychroma var. candida Anzi - Cat. Lich. Sondr.: 59, 1860.
Synonyms: Aspicilia candida var. flavoreagens Asta & Cl. Roux nom. inval.; Aspicilia marcii B. de Lesd.; Aspicilia rosacea Hue; Lecanora candida (Anzi) Nyl.
Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 17100), Ven (Nascimbene & al. 2021), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Piervittori & al. 2004), Emil (Tretiach & al. 2008, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (TSB 33383).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, up to 0.7 mm thick, continuous to slightly rimose-areolate, more or less pruinose, chalky white, cream-white or pale bluish-grey, forming orbicular patches to 15(-20) cm in diam., often delimited by a black prothallus. Areoles flat to convex, the marginal ones often elongated and more or less radiating. Cortex 50-60 µm thick, filled with crystals; medulla white, I-; algal layer not extending below the hypothecium. Apothecia lecanorine-aspicilioid, round, 0.2-0.8 mm across, at first immersed in the thallus and more or less crateriform, then slightly protruding, with a concave to flat, black but often grey-pruinose disc, and a 0.15-0.3 mm thick, prominent, farinose-pruinose thalline margin. Epithecium brownish green, N+ emerald green; hymenium colourless, 70-85 µm high, I+ reddish brown; paraphyses coherent, submoniliform, the apical cells to 3 µm wide; hypothecium colourless to pale yellowish brown, 35-45 µm high, I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the thin outer coat K/I+ blue, the wall and apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, 13-25 x 9-18 µm, thin-walled. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Pycnidia black, immersed. Conidia curved, 14-22 x c. 1 µm. Spot tests: thallus K- or very rarely K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P-; apothecial margin K+ pale yellow to yellowish brown. Chemistry: substictic acid as the major compound, mostly limited to the margin of the apothecia.
Note: known from Europe and North America, this lichen occurs in the Alps on weakly calciferous rocks, especially calcareous schists, mostly near or above treeline. Earlier records from Southern Italy (see Nimis 1993: 98), being dubious, are not accepted here. The species is chemically variable (see e.g. Roux & coll. 2014).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 41424


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Monti della Laga
2010



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
British Columbia, Rocky Mountains, Bullmoose Mountain, near Tumbler Ridge On rock outcrops by marine shore 2014-06-07



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32942)
2001/12/08



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 33141



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 41424



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 41424



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 41424



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 41424



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32942)
2001/12/08