Stereocaulon alpinum Laurer
in Funck, Crypt. Gewächse, 33: 6, 1827.
Synonyms: Stereocaulon alpinum var. erectum Frey; Stereocaulon paschale var. alpinum (Laurer) Mudd; Stereocaulon tomentosum var. alpinum (Laurer) Th. Fr.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000), Ven, TAA (Bilovitz & al. 2014, 2014b, Oset 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996, Dalle Vedove & al. 2004, Lich. Ital. Exs. 65: Isocrono & al. 2022), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2003, 2004, 2006, Morisi 2005, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, Watson 2014), VA (Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, Valcuvia 2000, Piervittori & al. 2004, Isocrono & al. 2008).
Description: Primary thallus crustose, granular-warted, ephemeral, usually absent in mature individuals. Pseudopodetia rather firmly attached, elongate, prostrate to mostly ascending, 1-4 cm tall, 0.5-1(-2) mm thick at base, sparingly branched, terete, dorsiventral, with a solid cartilaginous axis of parallel hyphae surrounded by a lax medulla and with a whitish to pale pink tomentum especially on the lower surface, forming low, flat cushions. Phyllocladia crowded towards the apices of pseudopodetia, whitish-grey, at first granuliform or united, then somehow flattened and minutely lobed, to 0.5 mm broad. Cephalodia scarce, mainly on the lower side of pseudopodetia, globose, 0.3-0.8 mm across, bluish green, with Nostoc, scarcely visible because often embedded in the tomentum. Apothecia rare, without a thalline margin, terminal, with a dark brown, convex disc and a thin, indistinct proper margin. Proper exciple brown in outer part, colourless within; epithecium brown, K-; hymenium colourless; paraphyses simple, slightly thickened above, with a dark cap; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, with a K/I+ blue outer layer and apical dome, and a central, K/I+ darker blue tube, Porpidia-type. Ascospores mainly 3-septate, hyaline, cylindrical with one end narrower, 27-38 x 2.5-3 µm. Pycnidia dark, immersed. Conidia bacilliform, straight. Main photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K+ yellow, C-, KC- or KC+ violet, P+ faintly yellow, UV+ blue-white. Chemistry: atranorin and lobaric acid.Note: an arctic-alpine, circumpolar early coloniser of mineral soil, especially gravel and sand in the vicinity of glaciers, probably restricted to the Alps in Italy, where it can reach the nival belt. The record from Mt. Etna by Di Martino & Stancanelli (2015) appears as dubious to me.
Growth form: Fruticose
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia (primary); cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema) (secundary, e.g. in cephalodia)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019
Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.
Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 7149
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Growth form: Fruticose
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia (primary); cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema) (secundary, e.g. in cephalodia)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005
Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia, Peña Trevinca
06.2019
Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.
Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 7149
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S/Stereocaulon_alpinum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
