Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr.
N. Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 3, 3: 67, 1861. Basionym: Lichen parietinus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1143, 1753.
Synonyms: Parmelia parietina (L.) Ach.; Parmelia parietina var. vulgaris Schaer.; Physcia parietina (L.) De Not.; Physcia parietina var. microphylla (Flot.) Körb.; Physcia parietina var. platyphylla (Wallr.) Körb.
Distribution: N - VG (Castello 1996, 2002, Nimis & al. 1999, 2001, Castello 2002, Martellos & Castello 2004, Castello & Skert 2005, Piccotto & Tretiach 2010, Piccotto & al. 2011), Frl (Badin & Nimis 1996, Tretiach 1996, Nimis & al. 1999, 2001, Tretiach & Baruffo 2001, 2001b, Castello & Skert 2005, Tretiach & Molaro 2007, Tomasi 2007, Nascimbene & Salvadori 2008, Tretiach & Pittao 2008, Nascimbene & al. 2009b, Bernini & al. 2010, Bertuzzi & al. 2013, Brackel 2013), Ven (Nimis & al. 1996c, Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, 2000b, 2002, 2003c, Caniglia & al. 1999, Lazzarin 2000, Nimis & al. 2000, Valcuvia & al. 2000c, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008, Nascimbene & Marini 2007, 2010, Nascimbene & Salvadori 2008, Nascimbene & al. 2008e, 2015, Obermayer 2011b), TAA (De Benetti & Caniglia 1993, Nascimbene 2003, 2005b, 2008b, 2014, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2007b, 2014, 2022, Cristofolini & al. 2008, Lang 2009, Zarabska & al. 2009, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Arosio & Rinaldi 1995, Grieco & Groppali 1995, Valcuvia & Gianatti 1995, Valcuvia & Brusoni 1996, Brusoni & al. 1997, Zocchi & al. 1997, Roella 1999, Brusoni & Valcuvia 2000, Casarini & al. 2000, Arosio & al. 2000, 2003, Valcuvia & al. 2003, Dalle Vedove & al. 2004, Anderi & al. 2005, Valcuvia & Truzzi 2007b, Rigamonti & al. 2008, Bontempi & al. 2008, Furlanetto 2010, Brackel 2010, 2013, Gheza & al. 2015, 2020), Piem (Caniglia & al. 1992, Piervittori & al. 1994, 1994b, 1996, 1996b, Alessio 1995, Usai 1995, Piervittori & Maffei 1996, 2001, Arosio & al. 1998, Piervittori 1998, 2003, Isocrono & Falletti 1999, Griselli & al. 2003, Castino 2004, Isocrono & al. 2004, 2005b, 2007, 2009, Furlanetto 2010, Giordani & Malaspina 2016), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Piervittori & al. 2001, Matteucci & al. 2008c, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, Matteucci & al. 2010), Emil (Bassi 1995, Gasparo & Tretiach 1996, Nimis & al. 1996, Valcuvia & Grieco 1995, Tretiach 1997, Valcuvia & Savino 2000, Sallese 2003, Sanità di Toppi & al. 2005, Marconi & al. 2006, Morselli & Regazzi 2006, Tretiach & al. 2008, Cioffi 2009, Benesperi 2009, Malavasi 2014, Gerdol & al. 2014, Brackel 2015, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999, Valcuvia & al. 2000, Giordani & al. 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani 2006, Roccardi 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi & Corsini 1995, 2003, Loppi & Putortì 1995, 1995b, Loppi & al. 1995, 1996, 1996b, 1996c, 1997, 1997b, 1998, 1998b, 1999a, 2002, 2002b, 2002c, 2003, 2004, 2004c, 2006, Loppi 1995c, 1996, 1996b, 2001, Loppi & De Dominicis 1996, Monaci & al. 1997, Loppi & Nascimbene 1998, 2010, Putortì & al. 1998, Putortì & Loppi 1999, 1999b, Scerbo & al. 1999, 2002, Bacci & al. 2000, Benesperi 2000a, 2011, Loppi & Pirintsos 2000, Senese & Critelli 2000, Del Guasta 2001, Paoli & Loppi 2001, 2004, 2008, Lorenzini & al. 2003, Landi & Loppi 2003, Loppi & Frati 2004, Pisani & al. 2006, 2009, 2011, Frati & al. 2006b, 2007, 2008, Benesperi & al. 2007, 2013, Brackel 2008, Lastrucci & al. 2009, Pasquinelli & al. 2009, 2013, Triggiani & al. 2009, Munzi & al. 2009, 2010, Brunialti & Frati 2010, 2012b, Pasquinelli & Puccini 2010, Brunialti & al. 2012, Paoli & al. 2012, 2012b, 2013, 2013b, 2014, 2014c, 2015b, 2015c, 2015d, Brackel 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2015, Pasquinelli 2021), Marc (Gasparo & al. 1989, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brunialti & al. 2004, Urbani & al. 2004, Frati & Brunialti 2006, Brackel 2015, Pieri & al. 2015), Umb (Ravera 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Bargagli & al. 2000, Panfili 2000b, 2007, Ravera & al. 2006, Ciotti & al. 2009, Genovesi 2011, Brackel 2015), Laz (Gigante & Petriccione 1995, Bartoli & al. 1997, 1998, Ravera & al. 1999, Ravera 2002, 2008b, Massari & Ravera 2002, Honegger & al. 2004, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ruisi & al. 2005, Stofer 2006, Eichenberger 2007, Munzi & al. 2007, Ravera & Genovesi 2008, Roccardi 2011, Zucconi & al. 2013, Brackel 2015, Owczarek & Guidotti 2016), Abr (Recchia & al. 1993, Olivieri & Pacioni 1996, Olivieri & al. 1997, 1997b, Loppi & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Cantù & al. 2002, De Angelis & al. 2003, Urbani & al. 2004, Stofer 2006, Brackel 2015, Caporale & al. 2016, Corona & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Cerroni & al. 2004, Giancola & al. 2006, Caporale & al. 2008, Paoli & al. 2011, 2015, Cocozza & al. 2013, 2016, Genovesi & Ravera 2014, Brackel 2015, 2020, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar (Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Zedda & Sipman 2001, Zedda & al. 2001, Piccotto & al. 2009, Rizzi & al. 2011, Kodnik & al. 2011, Giordani & al. 2013, Cossu 2013, Loppi & al. 2014, Neuwirth 2018, Brackel & Berger 2019). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, 2011, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Catalano & al. 2010, 2012, 2016, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Durini & Medagli 2002, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brackel 2011, Gianfreda & Matino 2020), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Durini & Medagli 2004, Potenza 2006, Paoli & al. 2006, Potenza & al. 2010, Brackel 2011), Cal (Diederich & Puntillo 1995, Puntillo 1995, 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004, Incerti & Nimis 2006, Brackel & Puntillo 2016), Si (Merlo 1993, 2004, 2004b, Czeczuga & al. 1994, Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, 2006b, 2011, Grillo & Cristaudo 1995, Ottonello 1996, Grillo 1996, 1998, Grillo & Carfì 1997, Ottonello & Romano 1997, Poli & al. 1997, Catalano & al. 1997, Schicchi & al. 1997, Grasso & al. 1999, Clocchiatti & al. 2000, 2002, 2002b, Grillo & al. 2001, 2002, 2007b, Di Benedetto & al. 2002, Mangiafico & Pitruzzello 2002, 2003, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, 2006, Caniglia & al. 2004, Falco Scampatelli 2005, Caniglia & Grillo 2006b, Stofer 2006, Eichenberger 2007, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Grillo & Cataldo 2008, Gianguzzi & al. 2009, Liistro & Cataldo 2011, Cataldo & Cannavò 2014, Di Martino & Stancanelli 2015, Cataldo & Minissale 2015).
Description: Thallus foliose, forming regular, up to 10 cm wide (usually less) rosettes, rather tightly adnate, lobed. Lobes dorsiventral, concave to flattened, 1-3.5(-5) mm wide, 0.15-0.3 mm thick, yellow-orange to pale greenish grey in shade-forms, without a superficial layer of crystals, smooth or somewhat wrinkled. Medulla white, with hyphae in bundles; lower surface white to pale yellow, wrinkled, with short, white hapters. Apothecia common, lecanorine, laminal, stipitate, up to 8 mm across (usually less), with an orange, smooth, concave to flat disc, and a smooth to crenulate thalline margin. Epithecium yellow-brown, c. 10 µm thick, K+ red; hymenium colourless, 50-90 µm thick; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched, swollen at tips; hypothecium colourless to pale brown. Asci 8-spored, clavate, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid, 11-16 x 5-9 µm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”): 3-7 µm. Pycnidia immersed to slightly projecting, usually somehow darker orange than thallus. Conidia ellipsoid, 2.5-4 x 1-1.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus and apothecia K+ dark red, C-, KC-, P-, UV+ intensely orange-red. Chemistry: parietin (major), fallacinal, emodin, teloschistin and parietinic acid.Note: absent only from heavily polluted areas, mainly epiphytic on well-lit trees, but sometimes present on nutrient-enriched, calciferous or basic siliceous rocks as well.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark and rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: extremely common
Padanian area: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely common
Dry mediterranean belt: very common
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Tomi Trilar; Owner: Slovenian Museum of Natural History
Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Centre of the city
01.04.2005
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30907)
2001/12/03
detail of apothecium
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, nei dintorni della città
2008.04.05
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Paolo Fontanesi, Reggio Emilia; Owner: Paolo Fontanesi, Reggio Emilia
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna
2010
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Giancarlo Medici; Owner: Giancarlo Medici
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Appennino Modenese.
Herbarium: Forum Natura Mediterraneo
2010
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Sicily, Trapani, Segesta
5.12.2016
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoria_parietina.htm
France, avril 2011 - Olmetto Luccida - Corse
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=71&lang=en
France, Rostellec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=71&lang=en
France, Porspaul
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Rostellec
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Landevennec
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Logonna-Daoulas
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=998&lang=en
France, Le Fret
forme saxicole des rochers alcalins de la zone mésique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=998&lang=en
France, Le Fret
forme saxicole des rochers alcalins de la zone mésique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=998&lang=en
France, St. Anne La Palud
forme saxicole des rochers alcalins de la zone mésique.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark and rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: extremely common
Padanian area: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely common
Dry mediterranean belt: very common
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
Tomi Trilar; Owner: Slovenian Museum of Natural History
Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Centre of the city
01.04.2005
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (30907)
2001/12/03
detail of apothecium
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, TS, Basovizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, nei dintorni della città
2008.04.05
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)
Paolo Fontanesi, Reggio Emilia; Owner: Paolo Fontanesi, Reggio Emilia
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna
2010
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Simonetta Peruzzi; Owner: Simonetta Peruzzi
Italy, Toscana, Chianti
2010
Giancarlo Medici; Owner: Giancarlo Medici
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Appennino Modenese.
Herbarium: Forum Natura Mediterraneo
2010
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Sicily, Trapani, Segesta
5.12.2016
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19294], Australia, South Australia, Mt. Lofty Ranges, the Swingbridge, 15 km E of Springton along the Marne River, 34°40'S, 139°14'E, 360 m, on almond trees in abondoned orchard. Leg. J.A. Elix (21336), 04.01.1987. Chemistry: parietin (major), parietinic acid (minor) by HPLC, anal. G.A. Jenkins. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. 175
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoria_parietina.htm
France, avril 2011 - Olmetto Luccida - Corse
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=71&lang=en
France, Rostellec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=71&lang=en
France, Porspaul
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1012&lang=en
France, Cap Frehel
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Rostellec
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Landevennec
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=854&lang=en
France, Logonna-Daoulas
forme saxicole des rochers acides de la zone xérique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=998&lang=en
France, Le Fret
forme saxicole des rochers alcalins de la zone mésique.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=998&lang=en
France, Le Fret
forme saxicole des rochers alcalins de la zone mésique.
