ITALIC 7.0

Calicium montanum Tibell

Mycotaxon, 70: 432, 1999.

Synonyms:

Distribution: C - Tosc (Tibell 1999, Puntillo & Puntillo 2009).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, granular to verrucose, pale grey to grey-green. Apothecia stalked, pin-like, 0.3-0.4 mm high, black, white-pruinose on the outer surface of the capitulum. Stalk black, epruinose, 0.11-0.2 mm thick, of dark brown, irregularly interwoven and strongly sclerotized hyphae, the outermost layer gelatinous, hyaline; capitulum obovoid to lenticular, 0.2-0.3 mm across, with a dark brown to aeruginose-green exciple of almost isodiametric, sclerotized cells; hypothecium dark brown, flat to slightly convex. Asci cylindrical-clavate, formed singly, dissolving early, with uniseriately arranged spores. Ascospores 1-septate, brown, ellipsoid, 9-11.5 x 5-6 µm, with coarse, irregular cracks. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: divaricatic and 2-O-methyldivaricatic acids.

Note: a recently-described, rare but widespread species with a relatively thick, pale grey thallus, short-stalked apothecia with white pruina, and ascospores with coarse irregular cracks, found on lignum, especially on decorticated stumps of Castanea, but also on conifers in the Alps; perhaps more common in Italy. The species is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Critically Endangered” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

In underhangs rarely wetted by rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: very rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

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4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

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4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

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4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

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4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

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3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

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6

(info)

Predictive model