ITALIC 7.0

Acarospora bullata Anzi

Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat. Milano, 11: 165, 1868.

Synonyms:

Distribution: N - Lomb, Piem (Reeb & al. 2007), VA (HAL-18600).

Description: Thallus crustose-placodioid, episubstratic, areolate, forming up to 5 cm wide, orbicular patches; areoles round to angular, convex, 0.4-2.5 mm wide, up to 0.8 mm thick, contiguous or dispersed, epruinose, pale brown to olive-brown, the marginal ones most often elongate and radiating, c. 2 mm long and 1 mm wide, the tips usually fan-shaped. Cortex paraplectenchymatous, 45-60 µm thick, reddish brown in upper part, colourless in lower part; algal layer continuous, 70-120 μm thick; medulla white, up to 600 μm thick, prosoplectenchymatous, the hyphae 3-4 μm wide. Apothecia aspicilioid to lecanorine, round to irregular in outline, 0.3-1.2 mm across, immersed in the areoles, 1(-3) per areole, with a dark reddish brown, epruinose, gyrose to umbilicate disc, and a rather thick, persistent thalline margin; proper margin often visible as a ring between disc and thalline margin. Proper exciple c. 20 µm thick; epithecium reddish brown, c. 15 μm high; hymenium colourless, 80-140 µm high, the hymenial gel K/I+ dark blue or red; paraphyses 1.5-2 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cell 3-4 µm wide; hypothecium colourless. Asci >200-spored, clavate, the apical dome K/I-, Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, 3-5 x 1.5-2 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex K-, C+ pink, KC+ pink, P- (reactions often ephemeral, to be observed under the microscope on thallus sections). Chemistry: cortex with gyrophoric acid.

Note: on steeply inclined faces of base-rich, weakly calciferous siliceous rocks in upland areas. Probably more widespread in the Alps. Closely related to the A. peliscypha complex (Knudsen & al. 2010), this species is worthy of further study.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare

Subalpine belt: very rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model