Graphis betulina (Pers.) Ach.
K. Vetensk.-Akad. Nya Handl., 30: 147, 1809. Basionym: Opegrapha betulina Pers. - Ann. Bot. (Usteri), 7: 31, 1794.
Synonyms: Graphis juglandis Garov. ex A. Massal.; Graphis massalongii Kremp.
Description: Thallus crustose, continuous to finely cracked, white, dull, often delimited by a dark prothallus. Apothecia lirelliform, black, raised or embedded in the thallus, oblong to linear, more or less flexuose, branched and acute at the ends, 2-8 x 0.1-0.3 mm, with a slit-like or at least centrally expanded, pruinose or epruinose disc, a well-developed, 15-45 µm thick proper margin with entire lips, and a conspicuous, c. 0.2 mm thick, pseudothalline margin filled with calcium oxalate crystals. Proper exciple carbonized laterally, poorly developed and not carbonized at base; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless, not inspersed with oil droplets, 90-100 µm high; paraphyses simple, dense, 1.5-2 µm thick, with brownish tips; subhymenium colourless. Asci (6-)8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, non fissitunicate, dehiscent by an apical split, K/I-, Graphis-type. Ascospores 5-11-septate with lens-shaped lumina, hyaline (pale brown when overmature), 15-45 x 5-9 µm, the wall I+ blue-violet. Pycnidia rare, immersed. Conidia bacilliform, 2-5 x 1 µm. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K- or K+ yellowish brown, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Dry submediterranean belt: rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
André Aptroot. http://www.tropicallichens.net/ CC BY-SA-NC
Author: André Aptroot. Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ CC BY-SA-NC
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Dry submediterranean belt: rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_G/Graphis_betulina.htm
France, session AFL 2015 - sur Corylus - La Chapelle Auzac - Blagour - Lot
André Aptroot. http://www.tropicallichens.net/ CC BY-SA-NC
Author: André Aptroot. Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ CC BY-SA-NC
