Hypotrachyna horrescens (Taylor) Krog & Swinscow
Lichenologist, 19: 420, 1987. Basionym: Parmelia horrescens Taylor in Mackay - Fl. Hibern., 2: 144, 1836.
Synonyms: Parmelia dissecta Nyl.; Parmelina dissecta (Nyl.) Hale; Parmelina horrescens (Taylor) Hale; Parmelinopsis horrescens (Taylor) Elix & Hale
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, loosely to tightly attached, forming 2-5(-7) cm wide, irregular rosettes, isidiate. Lobes narrow, 0.2-3 mm wide, irregularly branched with rounded axils, contiguous and often imbricate, with truncate to subrotund apices, the margins indented and often laciniate, apparently with simple, black up to 0.8 mm long marginal cilia (actually projecting rhizines). Upper surface whitish grey to greenish grey, smooth, shiny, epruinose, usually emaculate, densely covered in cylindrical to lobulate-coralloid, apically often brownish, short-ciliate isidia, the cilia black, 0.1-0.4 mm long. Lower surface black, shiny, densely rhizinate, with a narrow, naked, brown marginal zone; rhizines black, shiny, simple to rarely dichotomously branched or occasionally squarrose, usually projecting beyond lobe margins. Upper cortex of tightly packed, anticlinally oriented hyphae, with a pored epicortex, the cell walls with isolichenan; medulla white; algal layer continuous; lower cortex brown, of anticlinally oriented hyphae. Apothecia very rare, lecanorine, laminal, to 5 mm across, with a brown disc and an isidiate thalline margin. Epithecium brown; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, (12-)15-19 x 7-10(-12) µm. Pycnidia rare, immersed. Conidia cylindrical, 3-5 x c. 0.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P- or P+ faintly yellow; medulla K-, C-, KC+ pink, P-, UV-. Chemistry: upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with gyrophoric acid (major), lecanoric and umbilicaric acids (minor), and related accessory substances (hiascic, 4,5-di-0-methylhiascic, 4-0-methylhiascic acids).
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Ramk)
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Ramk)
Andreé Aptroot; Owner: André Aptroot - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ - Licence: CC BY-SA-NC
Taiwan
Laurens Sparrius; Owner: Laurens Sparrius - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ - Licence: CC BY-SA-NC
Taiwan
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Kador
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Porz Kreguen
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Kador
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Porz Kreguen
saxicolous maritime form
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL42035], Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Morro do
Pai Inácio. On tree on table mountain. 12°27'24'' S, 41°28'20'' W, 1050
-1140 m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 42035), 23.07.2017, det. A.
Aptroot, 2017.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL42035], Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Morro do
Pai Inácio. On tree on table mountain. 12°27'24'' S, 41°28'20'' W, 1050
-1140 m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 42035), 23.07.2017, det. A.
Aptroot, 2017.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Ramk)
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Ramk)
Andreé Aptroot; Owner: André Aptroot - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ - Licence: CC BY-SA-NC
Taiwan
Laurens Sparrius; Owner: Laurens Sparrius - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/ - Licence: CC BY-SA-NC
Taiwan
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9205], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso südlich Chorros de Epina. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald. 28°09.593’ N, 17°18.117’ W, 1020 m. Leg. Schumm 10.02.2002, det. Elix 22.11.2002.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Menez-Kador- Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Bodogat
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Kador
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, Porz Kreguen
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=316&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1298&lang=en
France, Loqueffret
saxicolous form of oceanic forests
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Kador
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Pointe du Guern
saxicolous maritime form
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1299&lang=en
France, Porz Kreguen
saxicolous maritime form
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL42035], Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Morro do Pai Inácio. On tree on table mountain. 12°27'24'' S, 41°28'20'' W, 1050 -1140 m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 42035), 23.07.2017, det. A. Aptroot, 2017.
