Hypotrachyna laevigata (Sm.) Hale
Smithsonian Contr. Bot., 25: 44, 1975. Basionym: Lichen laevigatus Sm. - Engl. Bot., 26: 1852, 1808.
Synonyms: Parmelia laevigata (Sm.) Ach.
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, loosely attached, forming 3-12(-15) cm wide patches, sorediate. Lobes sublinear elongate, subdichotomously branched with broadly rounded axils, initially separate, becoming imbricate, (1-)2-5(-8) mm wide, with an entire to rarely incised margin, and subtruncate to subrotund apices; upper surface pale ash-grey, glaucescent, shiny, usually strongly white-maculate, with laminal to subapical, capitate, slightly excavated, sometimes confluent soralia bearing usually farinose, whitish soredia (older soredia may be granulose and brownish). Lower surface black, sometimes with a thin, brown rim, with dense, black, shiny, dichotomously branched rhizines, some of which project beyond lobe margins. Upper cortex of tightly packed, anticlinally oriented hyphae, with a pored epicortex, the cell walls with isolichenan; medulla white; algal layer continuous; lower cortex brown, of anticlinally oriented hyphae. Apothecia extremely rare, lecanorine, laminal, to 5 mm across. Epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, (13-)15-18(-21) x (5-)7-11(-13) µm. Pycnidia black, laminal, immersed. Conidia weakly dumbbell-shaped, 4-7 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P- or P+ faintly yellow; medulla K-, C+ yellow-orange, KC+ orange, P-, UV+ bluish grey. Chemistry: upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with 4-O-demethylbarbatic and barbatic acids (both major), obtusatic and norobtusatic acids (traces).
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark and rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Restricted to humid-warm, oceanic areas
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 16578
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19303)
2001/12/05
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19303)
2001/12/05
G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (16578)
2001/11/26
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
ba: barbatic acid, 4o: 4-O-demethylbarbatic acid
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 19303
Andres Saag, University of Tartu
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Cranou
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR117], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, ad corticem arborum in Laurisilva, 600-800 m. Leg. A.
Vezda & F. Ceni, 5.3.1994, det. A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES
RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 117.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR117], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, ad corticem arborum in Laurisilva, 600-800 m. Leg. A.
Vezda & F. Ceni, 5.3.1994, det. A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES
RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 117.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark and rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Restricted to humid-warm, oceanic areas
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
G. Incerti CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 16578
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19303)
2001/12/05
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19303)
2001/12/05
G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (16578)
2001/11/26
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1912], Schweiz (OW), Kanton Luzern, Merliwald östlich von Sörenberg, nördlich des Giswiler Stocks, ca. 1800 m. Leg. Schumm 13.09.1971, det. Eduard Frey 1971.
ba: barbatic acid, 4o: 4-O-demethylbarbatic acid
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 19303
Andres Saag, University of Tartu
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Cranou
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=347&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
epiphytic
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1358&lang=en
France, Commana
saxicolous
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR117], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, ad corticem arborum in Laurisilva, 600-800 m. Leg. A. Vezda & F. Ceni, 5.3.1994, det. A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 117.
