Parmelina quercina (Willd.) Hale
Phytologia, 28: 483, 1974. Basionym: Lichen quercinus Willd. - Fl. Berol. Prodr.: 353, 1787.
Synonyms: Parmelia quercina (Willd.) Vain.
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, tightly adnate, usually forming regular, up to 8(-10) cm wide rosettes. Lobes 2-5(-8) mm wide, usually short, dichotomously or irregularly branched, contiguous and imbricate in central parts, often pruinose at margins, the tips rounded, not or very slightly crenate and slightly down-turned, with 0.08-0.2 mm long, black cilia on the margins (usually sparse and difficult to see), especially along the characteristically rounded axils. Upper surface pale mineral grey to blue-grey, smooth, emaculate; medulla white; lower surface black, brownish at lobe-tips, with short (0.5-1 mm), rather thick, simple, black, matt rhizines. Upper cortex of tightly packed, anticlinally oriented hyphae, with a pored epicortex, the cell walls with isolichenan; medulla white; algal layer continuous; lower cortex paraplectenchymatous, with rounded and thick-walled cells. Apothecia frequent, lecanorine, 2-4(-6) mm across, with a red-brown disc and a thick, smooth thalline margin; lower side of margin grey to blackish, sometimes with few to numerous rhizines. Epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the K/I+ blue tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, oval-oblong, (8-)9-11(-12) x 5-7 μm. Pycnidia numerous, immersed, appearing as black dots. Conidia bacilliform, straight, (8-)9-11.5 x c. 1 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P- or + faintly yellow; medulla K-, C+ red, KC+ red, P-, UV-. Chemistry: upper cortex with atranorin, medulla with lecanoric acid (major) and gyrophoric acid (minor).
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Dry submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (31733)
2001/11/26
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 21870
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (40987)
2001/12/03
young apothecia with black rhizines (form corresponding to P. carporrhizans)
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 27055
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Parmelina_quercina.htm
France, 2011 - Poleymieux-au-Mont-d'Or - Rhône
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Parmelina_quercina.htm
France, 2011 - Poleymieux-au-Mont-d'Or - Rhône
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 30932
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
Giovanna Potenza - CC BY 4.0
Italia, Basilicata, Monte Zaccana 1250 m Comune di Castelluccio Superiore
On Fagus sylvatica
Giovanna Potenza - CC BY 4.0
Italia, Basilicata, Monte Zaccana 1250 m Comune di Castelluccio Superiore
On Fagus sylvatica
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Sulzheim
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Sulzheim
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Sulzheim
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Dry submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
G. Incerti; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (31733)
2001/11/26
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5342], Spanien, Gran Canaria, Cruz de Tejeda, an Castanea; 28°00.308’ N, 15°35.884’ W, 1440 m. Leg. Schumm 31.12.1998, det. Schumm 1999.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 21870
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (40987)
2001/12/03
young apothecia with black rhizines (form corresponding to P. carporrhizans)
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 27055
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Parmelina_quercina.htm
France, 2011 - Poleymieux-au-Mont-d'Or - Rhône
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Parmelina_quercina.htm
France, 2011 - Poleymieux-au-Mont-d'Or - Rhône
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 30932
Arnaud Delhoume - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=536&lang=en
France, Indre
Giovanna Potenza - CC BY 4.0
Italia, Basilicata, Monte Zaccana 1250 m Comune di Castelluccio Superiore
On Fagus sylvatica
Giovanna Potenza - CC BY 4.0
Italia, Basilicata, Monte Zaccana 1250 m Comune di Castelluccio Superiore
On Fagus sylvatica
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Sulzheim
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Sulzheim
