Lepra amara (Ach.) Hafellner | Dolichens

Lepra amara (Ach.) Hafellner

in Hafellner & Türk, Stapfia, 104: 171, 2016. Basionym: Variolaria amara Ach. - K. Vetensk.-Akad. Nya Handl., 30, 3: 163, 1809.

Synonyms: Marfloraea amara (Ach.) S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös & J.-S. Hur; Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl. var. amara; Pertusaria amara f. isidiata Harm.; Pertusaria communis var. amara (Ach.) Rabenh.; Pertusaria faginea auct. ital. p.p. non (L.) Leight.

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, continuous to fissured, whitish, pale grey or pale greenish grey, often weakly zoned at margin, delimited by a white prothallus, sorediate, tasting extremely bitter. Central parts of thallus with numerous, circular, 0.5-1.5(-2) mm wide, white, usually convex to hemispherical soralia which long remain discrete and are sometimes arranged in concentric lines, rarely becoming confluent in central parts. In some forms the thallus is denseluy covered in warts that break down apically into small, elevated, punctiform soralia, never forming discrete round soralia. Apothecia extremely rare, immersed in soralia-like warts and not visible without sectioning the warts, the disc densely white-pruinose. Hymenium colourless, the hymenial gel not or only weakly amyloid; paraphyses lax, branched and richly anastomosing; hypothecium colourless. Asci 1-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex without a distinct ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I–, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 130-150 x 40-50 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex K- or K+ yellow turning orange-red, C-, KC-, P- or P+ yellow to red; soralia and medulla K- or K+ yellow turning orange-red, C-, KC+ fleeting violet, P- or P+ yellow to red, UV-. Chemistry: picrolichenic acid; a chemotype with additional protocetraric and conprotocetraric acids is also widespread.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare

Subalpine belt: rather rare

Montane belt: very common

Dry submediterranean belt: common

Humid submediterranean belt: very common

Padanian area: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

Rarity

absent

extremely rare

very rare

rare

rather rare

rather common

common

very common

extremely common

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Occurrence data

Predictive map

Model Image

Current prediction (1981-2010)

Model Image

Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6

Model Image

Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5

Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025

Nere Sorrentino

Spain, Galicia, Pontevedra

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (34864)
2002/02/16

Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (36782)
2008.02.28

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (36782)
2008.02.28

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (36782)
2008.02.28

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Lago di Sauris, Bosco della Stua, Carnic Alps (Ampezzo Carnico) 1000 m; altitude: 1000 m
12/08/2017

Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Lago di Sauris, Bosco della Stua, Carnic Alps (Ampezzo Carnico) 1000 m; altitude: 1000 m
12/08/2017

Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Lago di Sauris, Bosco della Stua, Carnic Alps (Ampezzo Carnico) 1000 m; altitude: 1000 m
12/08/2017

Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Lago di Sauris, Bosco della Stua, Carnic Alps (Ampezzo Carnico) 1000 m; altitude: 1000 m
12/08/2017

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[1320], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Marbachtal bei Zell-Börtlingen, an Quercus, ca. 350 m, TK 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 01.10.1967.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[1320], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Marbachtal bei Zell-Börtlingen, an Quercus, ca. 350 m, TK 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 01.10.1967.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[1320], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Marbachtal bei Zell-Börtlingen, an Quercus, ca. 350 m, TK 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 01.10.1967.
1: picrolichenic acid, 2: norstictic acid, 3: protocetraric acid, conf. J.A. Elix

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37587

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37587

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_L/Texte_L_4/Lepra_amara.htm

France, sur écorce - session AFL 2005 en Lozère

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_L/Texte_L_4/Lepra_amara.htm

France, sur écorce - session AFL 2005 en Lozère

Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Daoulas

Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Daoulas

Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Daoulas

Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Daoulas

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Menez-Meur

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=977&lang=en

France, Lesteven

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1268&lang=en

France, Le Juc'h
on an enamelled iron road sign

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1268&lang=en

France, Le Juc'h
on an enamelled iron road sign

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1268&lang=en

France, Le Juc'h
on an enamelled iron road sign

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1268&lang=en

France, Le Juc'h
on an enamelled iron road sign

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1268&lang=en

France, Le Juc'h
on an enamelled iron road sign

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[13626], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, südwestlich von Adelberg nahe dem Herrenbachstausee, Buhwiesenweg, an Laubbaum im Mischwald, ca. 48°44'N, 9°33'E, 412 m, TK: 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 08.02.2008. - Sorale K-, C-, KC+ violett, P+ rostrot, UVL+ düster grünlichgelb, UVK

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[13626], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, südwestlich von Adelberg nahe dem Herrenbachstausee, Buhwiesenweg, an Laubbaum im Mischwald, ca. 48°44'N, 9°33'E, 412 m, TK: 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 08.02.2008. - Sorale K-, C-, KC+ violett, P+ rostrot, UVL+ düster grünlichgelb, UVK

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[13626], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, südwestlich von Adelberg nahe dem Herrenbachstausee, Buhwiesenweg, an Laubbaum im Mischwald, ca. 48°44'N, 9°33'E, 412 m, TK: 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 08.02.2008. - Sorale K-, C-, KC+ violett, P+ rostrot, UVL+ düster grünlichgelb, UVK

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[13626], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, südwestlich von Adelberg nahe dem Herrenbachstausee, Buhwiesenweg, an Laubbaum im Mischwald, ca. 48°44'N, 9°33'E, 412 m, TK: 7223. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 08.02.2008. - Sorale K-, C-, KC+ violett, P+ rostrot, UVL+ düster grünlichgelb, UVK

Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain

Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain

Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Schweinfurt

Bologna

Biome

Pon

Trieste

Trieste