Pertusaria oculata (Dicks.) Th. Fr.

Lichenogr. Scand., 1: 307, 1871. Basionym: Lichen oculatus Dicks. - Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit., 2: 17, 1790.
Synonyms: Lecanidium oculatum (Dicks.) A. Massal.; Lecanora oculata (Dicks.) Ach.
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, rather thin, continuous, cracked or faintly tuberculate, isidiate, forming regular or irregular, up to 10 cm wide patches, without a distinct prothallus. Non-isidiate parts grey or white-grey. Isidia conspicuous, easily shedding off, concolorous with non-isidiate parts or, more often, tinged pale brown or pale yellow, simple to bifurcately branched, more or less cylindrical throughout or, occasionally, with somewhat swollen apices, 0.3-0.5 mm thick and 1-3 mm tall, often with greyish black apices reacting K+ violet, and N+ violet. Medulla distinct, white. Apothecia rare, lecanorine, up to 2.8 mm across, with a brown to black, epruinose, slightly concave to slightly convex disc and a distinct, smooth or isidiate, finally sometimes excluded thalline margin. Epithecium dark brown to black, K+ violet; hymenium colourless; paraphyses lax, richly branched and anastomosing; hypothecium pale to dark brown. Asci (6-)8-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex with a broad ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I-, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to fusiform, (15-)20-28(-31) x (8-)10-14(-16) µm, the wall 1-3(-6) µm thick, smooth. Pycnidia immersed in the apices of the isidia. Conidia short-bacilliform, c. 3.5 x 0.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K+ yellow turning red-brown, C-, KC- or KC+ faintly yellow-red, P+ yellow turning orange-red, UV+ faintly whitish blue. Chemistry: fumarprotocetraric acid (major), protocetraric acid, sometimes gyrophoric acid (traces).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Montane belt: absent
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent

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Rarity

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P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42544


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (1915)
2001/11/28


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42544


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42544


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 42544


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Greenland, Tugtutoq


Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain